初中直接引语变间接引语讲解与练习
直接引语和间接引语
概述
1.我们把引述别人的话语可归纳为两种方式，一种是直接引述别人的话
语，并置于引号之内的称为直接引语，另一种是用自己的语言转述别人的话语，称为间接引语，间接一般构成宾语从句。
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The teacher asked, “Do you like English?”老师问：“你喜欢英语吗？”
（直接引语）
The girl said that she liked English very much. 这个女孩说她非常喜欢英语。（间接引语）
2.一般在直接引语或间接引语当中都有一个引述动词，如tell, ask, say
等。这些引述动词和它们的主语所放位置比较灵活，可以放在直接引语之前、之后或其中。
主语如果是名词时，可以倒装。“主语+引述动词”放在间接引语当中就相当于宾语从句的主语部分。
He told me, “I am going to Changchun tomorrow.”他告诉我：“明天我打算去长春。”
“Where are you from?” asked Linda. “你来自哪里？”琳达问。
直接引语变间接引语的变化形式
1.人称代词和指示代词的变化
指示代词this 和these通常变为that和those 。人称代词也要根据情况做适当调整。从句中的第一人称多变为第三人称，第二人称根据情况改为第一人称或第三人称，第三人称不变。例如：
He said, “I came to help you.”他说：“我是来帮助你的。”
→He said that he had come to help me. 他说他是来帮助我的。
2.时态的变化
（1）引述动词如果用一般现在时或一般将来时，间接引语的时态不变。
（2）引述动词如果用一般过去时，间接引语的时态要变成相应的过去时态的一种。具体变化如下：
一般现在时→一般过去时一般过去时→过去完成时
现在进行时→过去进行时现在完成时→过去完成时
一般将来时→过去将来时
（1）含有情态动词的直接引语变成间接引语是，情态动词也要相应地变成过去时态。
（2）若直接引语为客观真理或自然规律，变为间接引语时，时态不变。
（3）有时由于直接引语有特定的过去时间状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。
3.时间状语的变化
now →then last month →the month before
today →that day three days ago →three days before
tonight →that night tomorrow →the next day
this week →that week next month →the next month
yesterday →the day before the day after tomorrow →in two days 4.地点状语的变化
here →there
5.谓语动词的变化
车站一瞥
come →go
直接引语变为间接引语的情况
1.直接引语为陈述句
（1）将直接引语变为由that 引导的宾语从句，接在谓语动词之后（that 可以省略）。例如：
He said, “I forgot to call you yesterday.”他说：“我昨天忘记给你打电话了。”
→He said （that）he had forgotten to call me the day before.他说她前一天忘记给我打电话了。现在流行什么歌曲
（2）如果引述动词是say to sb.,则通常改为tell sb. sth. 结构。例如：He said to me, “Your bike is broken.”她对我说：“你的自行车坏了。”
→He told me that my bike was broken. 他对我说我的自行车坏了。
2. 直接引语为一般疑问句
直接引语为一般疑问句，将直接引语变为由if /whether引导的宾语从句，句中时态、人称、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要做相应的变化。其语序为陈述语序，若直接引语的引述动词为say ，应改为ask. 例如：
Mary asked me, “Is Helen from the United States?”玛丽问我，“凯伦时美国人吗？”
→Mary asked me whether/if Helen was from the United States. 玛丽问我海伦是否时美国
人。
3.直接引语为特殊疑问句
直接引语为特殊疑问句，将直接引语变为由特殊疑问句引导的宾语从句，语序是陈述语序。例如：
John asked me, “Where does Zhou Xun come from?”约翰问我，“周迅是哪儿的人？”
→John asked me where Zhou Xun came from. 约翰问我周迅时哪儿的人。
4. 感叹句----变成由that引导的宾语从句
He said “What a lovely garden it is!”
He exclaimed that it was a lovely garden.
5. 命令句----变为不定式短语ask/tell sb. to do
He said, “Open the door.”
He asked me to open the door.
直接引语变间接引语专项练习题
一、将所给直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词：
1. “I am having supper,” he said.
He said that _______ _______ having supper.
2. “I’ve seen the film,” Gina said to me.
Gina _______ me that she _______ _______ the film.
3. “I went home with my sister,” she said.
She said that _______ _______ _______ home with her sister.薛之谦李小璐关系
4. The teacher said, “The sun is bigger than the moon.”
The teacher said that the sun _______ bigger than the moon.
5. “I met her yesterday,” he said to me.
He told me that he _______ met her the day _______.
6. “You must come here before five,” he said.
He said that I _______ to go _______ before five.
7. “I bought the computer two weeks ago,” she said.
She said that she _______ bought the computer two weeks _______.
8. “Did you read the book last week?” he said.
He _______ _______ I had read the book the week _______.
9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”
He _______ Jim that he _______ sit there
10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”
He asked her mother _______ _______ _______ found it.
11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked.
He asked me _______ _______ _______ been _______ days.
12 “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.
He asked _______ _______ knew where she _______.
13. “Keep quiet, children.” he said.
He _______ the children _______ _______ quiet.
14. “Don’t look out of the window,” she said.
运动会稿件50字She told me _______ _______ _______ out of the window. 15. “Are you interested in this?” he said.
He _______ _______ I was interested in _______.
二、将直接引与改为间接引语
1．He said, “ I’ve left my book in my room.”
2．She said, “He will be busy.”
3．She said to Tom, “Can you help me? ”
4．She asked, “Is this book yours or his? ”
5．The teacher asked, “how did you repair it”
李晨家世显赫6．The teacher said to the students, “Don’t waste your time. ”7．The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please. ”
8．The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun. ”
9．My father said, “Practice makes perfect. ”
10．The boy said to us, “I usually get up at six every day. ”11．He said, “We are still stud
ents. ”