护理研究2020年8月第34卷第16期（总第660期）
开发及信效度检验
侯赛宁1，梁珣1*，陈梅2，郭艳侠1，姥佩佩1
张靓颖乳环>张哲瀚妈妈（1.江苏护理职业学院，江苏223001；2.淮安市第一人民医院）
郭艳Development and reliability and validity test of the demand scale for online appointment nursing services among the home⁃based elderly
HOU Saining,LIANG Xun,CHEN Mei,GUO Yanxia,MU Peipei
（Jiangsu College of Nursing,Jiangsu223001China）
摘要：［目的］开发居家老年人网约护理服务需求量表，为明确网约护理服务项目，规范网约护理服务行为，切实保障医疗质量和安全提供有效的测评工具。［方法］结合文献回顾、网约护士APP服务内容并参考《社区护理理论与实践》教材中关于居家护理实施中的相关内容建立条目池，通过专家评议及对3
20名60岁及以上老年人居家网约护理服务需求情况调查对量表进行信度、效度检验。［结果］最终版量表由4个维度、30个条目组成。量表整体的Cronbach'sα系数为0.972，重测信度为0.915；探索性因子分析KMO值为0.935，Bartlett球形检验值为4393.070（P<0.01），采用主成分分析共提取4个因子，方差累积贡献率为71.046%。验证性因子分析结果显示量表的近似误差均方根（RMSEA）为0.089，比较拟合指数（CFI）为0.888，提示模型拟合良好。［结论］本研究开发的居家老年人网约护理服务需求量表信度、效度较好，可作为网约护理服务项目测评工具应用于临床实践。
关键词：居家；老年人；网约护理服务；需求；量表；信度；效度
Abstract Objective：To develop a demand scale for online appointment nursing services among the home-based elderly，and to provide an effective evaluation tool for identifying items of online appointment nursing service，standardizing online appointment nursing service
behaviors and ensuring quality and safety of medical care.Methods：Combining literature review，service contents online nurse APP，and referring to the relevant content in the implementation of home care in the Community Nursing Theory and Practice，an item pool was established.Demand status on online appointment nursing servies among320cases of the elderly aged60and above，was investigated by experts panel review.Then，the reliability and validity of the demand scale for online
appointment nursing services for the elderly at home were tested.Results：The final version of the scale was consisted of4dimensions，invovling30items.The overall Cronbach'sαcoefficient of the scale was0.972.The test-retest reliability was0.915.Exploratory factor analysis showed that the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin （KMO）value was0.935.And the Bartlett sphere test value was4393.070（P<0.01）.A total of4factors were extracted by principal component analysis.The cumulative contribution rate of variance was71.046%.The confirmatory factor analysis results showed that the root mean square error of approximation（RMSEA）of the scale was0.089and the comparative fit index（CFI）was0.888，which indicated that the model fitted well.Conclusions：The developed scale online appointment nursing service demand scale for the home-based elderly had a good reliability and validing.The developed scale could be used as an evaluating tool for online nursing services and be applied in clinical practice.
Keywords home-based；the elderly；online appointment nursing service；demand；scale；reliability；validity
廖碧儿男友中图分类号：R473.59文献标识码：A doi:10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2020.16.007
随着我国人口老龄化趋势日益严重，老年人对居家护理服务的需求成为突出问题[1]。目前，我国老年
居家护理服务体系建设处于起步阶段，受多种因素影响，很多老年人无法获得与实际需求相符的护理服务，导致其生存质量难以保障[2]。加上家庭结构小型化等原因，家庭成员能够为老年人提供的护理帮助越来越少，使得很多带病生存的失能、高龄、空巢老年人对上门护理服务的需求激增[3]。在“互联网+护理服务”的背景下，网约护士服务APP陆续上线，其服务项目、内容参差不齐，能否满足老年人的居家护理需求还有待探究。此外，相似研究多为居家护理、社区服务以及专科疾病的居家护理服务需求[4‑8]调查，以研究者自行开发的问卷为主要调查工具，调查对象多为出院后需居家进行延续性护理人，缺乏普适性，专科疾病居家护理研究评估项目主要针对疾病的康复。本研究开发的量表研究对象主要为老年人，服务项目从疾病治
·科研论著·
基金项目2019年度淮安市社科类立项项目，编号：C‑19‑102高考录取方式
作者简介侯赛宁，助教，硕士
通讯作者梁珣，E‑mail:******************
引用信息侯赛宁，梁珣，陈梅，等.居家老年人网约护理服务需求量表的开发及信效度检验[J].护理研究
,2020,34(16):2847‑2851.
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