设计教师:株洲市二中 王毓
教学年级:高中三年级
课题名称:定语从句—关系词的选择 复习课
授课时间:40分钟
定语从句是英语中最基本也是最重要的从句结构之一,同时也是高考重要语法考点之一。高三的学生在高一时已经系统学习过定语从句,但学生们要掌握定语从句的结构和功能并不简单,尤其是从句中关系代词,关系副词的选用及句型的构建时常困扰着学生,导致有些学生害怕定语从句,不能流利地使用它来表达,因此要精心设计此堂复习课内容。
二.教学目标
知识与技能: 进一步了解关系代词which,who,that和 as百变大咖秀停播了吗以及关系副词when,where和why的用法和功能及定语从句句型.
过程与方法: 能够使用正确的定语从句句型描绘人物或事物。
情感与态度: 培养学生自主性学习,享受完成任务的过程,乐意与组员合作学习。
三、学习者特征分析
我所教授的班级为理科班,理科学生的特点是大部分学生对英语关注程度不够,课下巩固的差,所以他们对定语从句的基本知识掌握得不扎实,复习定语从句必须使其抓住重点,难点并掌握典型题。
四、教学重难点
重点 :1 明确两个概念:再次给学生强化先行词和关系词两个概念,关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。带领学生巩固关系词<共6个包括that ,which, who, whom, whose, as的基本用法>及关系副词<共三个包括when ,where, why的基本用法>
2 把握三个功能:主要引导学生通过黑板上给出的例句,要求学生通过讨论归纳出关系词的三个功能,即连接主从句的功能;替代先行词的功能;在从句中做成份的功能。
难点 :在掌握先行词在从句中做成份的基础上,我在学案中设计了定语从句的难题,重点题,易错题。从句谓语动词为不及物动词时,定语从句关系词的选用等题。以及一些特殊情况下定语从句中关系词的运用。
五.教学策略
(1)教学方法:以学生为主体的发现学习和合作学习。
(2)教学辅助手段:电脑课件,纸质练习
(3)在课前的预习作业中,安排不同难度的定语从句的练习给学生做了解他们的水平。在上课时教师心中有数,有利于分层教学的开展。
六.教学过程
(一).教学导入(Lead in)
步骤1 猜谜游戏
Teacher: Now, look at the photo. She is the hostess of “Happy Camp”《快乐大本营》and 《百变大咖秀》on Hunan TV. One of her famous songs is “菠萝菠萝蜜”。Who is she?
Student A: She is Xiena.
Question 1 :Do you know something about Xiena, who can introduce Xiena to us?
Question 2 : Look at the introduction to Xiena, Can you use the attributive clause to describe her?
设计意图:利用图片激发学生兴趣;为下面的呈现提供原始素材。
步骤2 呈现
活动:(1)请学生阅读有关话题人物的相关阅读,并要求用所学的定语从句的知识点完成短文。教师要到学生中巡视看他们完成的情况。挑选出部分学生的试卷作为展示例子。
设计意图:引出定语从句并作为呈现的例子。为下面复习定语从句的用法,结构,关系词在定语从句中的运用等内容提供材料。
活动: 分析刚才的定语从句的结构,复习“关系代词”“关系副词”“先行词”等概念。两人一组,讨论关系词的使用规律并完成下表。
① ② | 主语 | 宾语 | 定语 | 状语 |
Person | who/that | whom/that省略 | Whose | |
Thing | which/that | Which/that/省略 | whose | where |
when | ||||
why | ||||
整个句子 | which | |||
①表示先行词的类型; ②表示先行词在从句中的语法位置
(二)巩固环节(Consolidation):
Step one: Review the attributive clause, the antecedent and the relative pronouns.
Question: Which baby is mine?
Answer:①The baby whose trousers are red is mine.
②The baby who is wearing red trousers is mine.
Talking about people |
1 .She looked at Jeff who /that was waving his arms. |
2 .Do you know the boy whose parents are on holiday? |
3 .Is this the boy whom you spoke to just now? |
Talking about things |
1. The story that / which you read is “The Rescue”. |
2 .And there she saw a wall of water that / which was quickly advancing towards her. |
Talking about time/place/reason |
1 .I’ll never forget the day when/ on which I joined the league. |
2 .This is the house where/ in which I lived two years ago. |
3. Do you know the reason why/ for which she was late. |
小组合作学习: 分析以上的定语从句的结构,复习“关系代词”“关系副词”“先行词”等概念。两人至四人一组,讨论关系词的使用规律并完成学案上的表格。
教学思路:教师提供一些含有定语从句的例子,让学生分组出句中定语从句、先行词和关系词。学生完成后,教师进行提问,引导学生总结什么是定语从句、先行词和关系词。
教学评价:在这个环节中,学生通过自我观察以及同伴的合作学习来完成任务,学生个体的主动性和合作精神得到了发挥。
Step Two: Drew a conclusion of the use of the relative pronouns
教学思路:让学生对上述例句中的先行词进行分类,再观察关系词that, who, whom, which, whose ,when , where, why等在从句中充当的成分,引导学生注意关系词的选用和先行词在定语从句中充当的成份对选对合适的关系词有重要的作用。
小组活动:总结定语从句关系词的使用规律,要求学生填写下表。
① ② | 主语 | 宾语 | 定语 | 状语 |
Person | who/that | whom/that省略 | Whose | |
Thing | which/that | Which/that/省略 | whose | where |
when | ||||
why | ||||
整个句子 | which | |||
①表示先行词的类型; ②表示先行词在从句中的语法位置
Step There: Discussion
Discuss the important and difficult points of the attributive clause。(由学生自己通过小组讨论合作学习得出定语从句学习的重难点,先让学生们分成小组进行讨论并形成书面总结,然后推选一组长陈述本组结论。不全之处教师再补充。)
1.定语从句中that和which 的情况
1)不用that,只用which的情况
a)引导非限定性定语从句时。
e.g.1. She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth.
b)介词后不能用。
e.g. He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows, most of which hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
2)特殊情况只能用that
①先行词为不定代词everything,little,much,all,anything,nothing。
e.g. Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen.
② 先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时,用that。
e.g. This is the best book (that) I’ve ever read.
③先行词被the only,the very,the last 修饰时,用that。
e.g. He is the only person that I want to see now.
④ 先行词同时指人和指物时,用that。
e.g. We talked about the things and persons that we saw then.
2.介词+关系代词
小组活动:通过一个例子来表明介词+关系代词=关系副词的用法
翻译:我总忘不了我出生的小镇。
I won’t forget the small town which I was born in.
I won’t forget the small town in which I was born .
I won’t forget the small town where I was born .
★ 关系代词前介词的确定
①根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系,请体会:
e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles?
②根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配,如:
e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which I’m sure.
③根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯,请体会:
e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.
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