Ther are three major international film festivals in Europe: Cannes Film Festival, France;Berlin Film Festival, Germany;Italy, Venice Film Festival.
Among the many film festivals,the three major international film festivals in Europe have the most far-reaching impact, both the Palme d'Or prize, the Golden Bear or Golden Lion Award, and its authority, artistic, scientific, are enough to rival the Academy Awards.
Venice International Film Festival
The world's first international film festival, held each fall, for two weeks. August 6, 1932, by the Benito Mussolini founded the Italian city of Venice. The main purpose is to raise the level of film art, film-makers to promote exchanges and cooperation to facilitate trade for the development of the film.
From 1932 to 1942, awards were divided into the best feature films, documentaries, short films, Italian films, foreign films, as well as best director, screenwriter, actors and actresses, photography, music and other awards.
The early establishment of the Venice Film Festival did not have the international significance of the Golden Lion award, but the local color heavy, and established its world-class film festival.
Relative to the Cannes and Berlin, Venice Film Festival, participants pay more attention to innovation in film art, independent of the experimental production with particular preference, but not too much stress on ideology and business compatible with the art, which a feature fully expressed in the slogan of Venice to explore the new director of the Venice Film Festival.
Relative to the Cannes and Berlin, Venice Film Festival, participants pay more attention to innovation in film art, independent of the experimental production with particular preference, but not too much stress on ideology and business compatible with the art, which a feature fully expressed in the slogan of Venice to explore the new director of the Venice Film Festival.
Today's Venice Film Festival, although the commercial operation behind Cannes, but its unique style continues to be highly regarded international film industry.
The Golden Lion is the festival's highest award for best film.
Silver Lions are an irregular award presented in some years as a "runners-up" prize to the Golden Lion. In addition, other Silver Lions are sometimes awarded for debut films, short films and direction.
A Special Jury Prize is awarded to one or two films in most years.
The Volpi Cups are awarded to actors. Formal awards for best actor and best actress have been given since 1934. In the mid-1990s awards were also given to supporting actors and actresses.
The Golden Osellas are awarded to directors, cinematographers, screenwriters, composers, and for outstanding technical contributions.
威尼斯电影节逐渐形成了自己独特的传统：它聚焦于各国的电影实验者，鼓励他们拍摄形式新颖、手法独特的影片，哪怕有一些缺陷，只要是有创新，就能够被电影节所接纳。该电影节的宗旨是“电影为严肃的艺术服务”，每年都提出不同的口号，而评判标准很纯粹：艺术性。在六七十年代，威尼斯电影节发掘了一大批新兴的欧洲电影人。尽管它所选择的电影未必是该导演最好的一部作品，但却时时刻刻地在引领欧洲艺术电影的发展潮流。
1989年：第四十六届最佳影片金狮奖（侯孝贤）《悲情城市》
1992年：第四十九届最佳影片金狮奖（张艺谋）、最佳女演员（巩俐）《秋菊打官司》
1994年：第五十一届最佳男演员（夏雨）《阳光灿烂的日子》 田壮壮
1999年：第五十六届最佳影片金狮奖（张艺谋）《一个都不少》；最佳导演奖（张元）《过年回家》
2001年：第五十八届评委会特别奖（伍仕贤）《车四十四》
2002年：第五十九届圣马可最佳影片奖（田壮壮）《小城之春》；特别关注奖（陈果）《人民公厕》
2005年：第62届威尼斯国际电影节最佳影片金狮奖（李安）《断背山》
2006年：第63届威尼斯国际电影节最佳影片金狮奖（贾樟柯）《三峡好人》 2007年：第64届威尼斯国际电影节最佳影片金狮奖（李安）《．戒》；地平线单元纪录片奖（贾樟柯）《无用》
2010年：第67届威尼斯国际电影节金狮奖终身成就奖 （吴宇森）《赤壁》 《碟中谍2》《英雄本》
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