2018年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（二）
英 语 2018.04
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分120分
第I 卷
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
A
21. How can a person get a free t-shirt at the zoo?
A Follow all the zoo rules
B. Visit all the zoo's exhibits
C. Bring along another guest
D Identify all the animals in danger.
22. Where should a lost person go for help?
A. Main Entrance
B. Visitor Centre
C. Administration Building. D Nursing Centre.
23. Which of the following is allowed at the zoo?
A Riding your bike
B Taking your camera
C. Feeding the animals D Smoking cigarettes
B
I saw it first, Amy said, as she ripped the old leather wallet out of Charlies hands. Without saying a word, as if they both understood that this was a secret they didn’t want to share with anyone, they slipped into the alley, where no one could see them look inside
"There's got to be a million dollars here! "Charlie blurted out, when they saw the pile of hundred- dollar bills. Amy, the more realistic of the two, did a quick estimate, thumbing through the w ad of cash. "More like thousands” she said, her vo ice shaking in disbelief.
They'd found the wallet in a flowerbed by the sidewalk, when Charlie dropped his cell phone while he was trying to talk and eat a slice of pepperoni pizza at the same time. Amy stuffed the wallet into her backpack and pulled Charlie along by his elbow toward her house. As they rushed toward Viceroy Avenue, they talked excitedly about what they could do with the money-buy gifts for parents and friends, get new clothes, travel to the rainforest in Costa Rica, and adopt a whale. It looked like all of their dreams would come true. For the last block, however, they didn’t talk. Each began to suspect that the other one was silently adding to the list of things they could buy.
They finally reached Amy s house, but instead of going inside, they walked around the house to the back porch. They opened the wallet and counted the money into piles of ten. The total wasS2400- more money than either of them had ever seen. Then they both started talking at once. "I wonder who lost it "Their moods shifted, sinking from the high of being rich for fifteen minutes to resigning themselves to what they must do next. For in the wallet's clear plastic compartment, there was a driver's license. They knew what they had to do. Although they would lose their newly-found treasure, in a way, they felt relieved.
24. Where did Amy and Charlie find the wallet?
A. In an alley B In a backpack
C. Among some flowers D On the sidewalk
25. In paragraph 2, why was Amy’s voice shaking?
A. She was afraid that they would be seen by others
B. She was disappointed there wasn't a million dollars
C. She was fearful that Charlie would tell someone else
D. She felt nervous because she'd never seen so much money
26. On their way to Amy’s house, the children's mood c hanged from
A excited to suspicious B. happy to angry
C relieved to worried D. nervous to disappointed
27. What did the children decide to do at the end of the story?
A. To keep the money a secret from others
B. To return the wallet to its rightful owner
C. To put the wallet back where they found it.
D. To buy many different things with the money.
C
An article published in the prestigious scientific journal Nature sheds new light on an important, but up-to-now little appreciated, aspect of human evolution. In this article Professors Dennis Bramble and Daniel Lieberman suggest that being able to run was the necessary condition for the development of our species which enabled us to come down from the trees. This challenges traditional scientific thinking, which claims that the distinctive, upright body form of modern humans has come about as a result of the ability to walk, and that running is simply a by-product of walking. Furthermore, humans have usually been regarded as poor runners compared to such animals as dogs, horses or deer. However, this is only true if we consider running at high speed, especially over short distances. But when it comes to long-distance running, humans do astonishingly well. They can keep a steady pace for many kilometres, and their overall speed is at least the same as that of horses or dogs Bramble and Lieberman examined 26 physical features found in humans. One of the
most interesting of these is the nuchal ligament(项韧带). When we run, this ligament prevents our head from moving back and forth or from side to side. Therefore, we are able to run with steady heads, held high. The nuchal ligament is not found in any other surviving primates, such as apes and monkeys. Then there are our Achilles tendons (跟腱) at the backs of our legs, which connect our calf muscles to our heel bones — and which have nothing to do with walking. When we run, these tendons behave like springs, helping to push us forward. Furthermore, we have low, wide shoulders virtually disconnected from our skulls(颅骨), a physical development which allows us to run more efficiently.
But what evolutionary advantage is gained from being good long-distance runners? Perhaps it permitted early humans to obtain food more effectively. "What these features and facts appear to be telling us is that running evolved in order for our direct ancestors to compete with other meat-eating animals for access to the protein needed to grow the big brains that we enjoy today," says Lieberman. Some scientists put forward the theory that early humans chased animals for great distances in order to exhaust them before killing them.
"Research on the history of humans' ability to move has traditionally been controversial, " says Lieberman. "At the very least, I believe this theory will motivate many researchers to reevaluate and f
urther investigate how humans learned to run and walk and why we are built the way we are. "
28. In paragraph 1, what do the two professors suggest about humans' ability to run?
A. It is an evolutionary by-product of walking.
B. It helps to form people's ability to climb trees.
C. It has played an important role in human evolution.
D. It has not been adequately studied by scientists before.
29. What is true about the physical characteristics examined by the professors?
A. Achilles tendons assist people to walk long distances.
B. The human skull helps people to run more efficiently.
C. people's shoulders allow them to look from side to side.
D. The nuchal ligament enables people to hold their head steady.
30. According to paragraph 3, scientists believe that early humans_________.
A. always came across dangerous situations in life
B. ran after animals for long distances when hunting
C often failed to find food because they couldn't run fast
D developed their hunting skills by running long distances
31. Professor Lieberman thinks the new theory will _________.
A completely explain how running developed
B revolutionize the theory of human evolution
C. encourage more in-depth studies on the topic
D. be widely supported within the scientific community
D
Scientists have solved the mystery of why the
overwhelming majority of mammoth fossils(化
石)are male.
Much like wild elephants today, young male
Ice Age mammoths probably travelled around
alone and more often got themselves into risky
situations where they were swept into rivers, or
fell through ice or into mud, lakes or sinkholes that
preserved their bones for thousands of years, scientists say.
Females, on the other hand, travelled in groups led by an older matriarch who knew the landscape and directed her group away from danger.
"Without the benefit of living in a herd led by an experienced female, male mammoths had a much higher risk of dying in natural traps such as mud holes, rock cracks and lakes, "said co-author Love Dalen of the Swedish Museum of Natural History in a report published on Thursday in the journal Current Biology.
The study used genetic data to determine the sex of 98 woolly mammoth fossils in Siberia Researchers found that 69% of the samples were male, a heavily unbalanced sex ratio, assuming that the sexes were fairly even at birth "We were very surprised because there was no reason to expect a sex bias in the fossil record," said first author Patricia Pecnerova, also of the Swedish Museum of Natural History.
Therefore, researchers believe that something about the way they lived influenced the way they died.
Most bones, tusks, and teeth from mammoths and other Ice Age animals haven't survived," explained Dalen
"It is highly likely that the remains that are found in Siberia these days have been preserved because they have been buried, and thus protected from weathering."2018广东高考
These giant, tusked plant eaters disappeared about 4,000 years ago. While there is no scientific agreement about the causes of their disappearance from the planet,
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