CONTENTS
2008 Text 1
While still catching-up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. “Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men,” according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York’s Veteran’s Administration Hospital.
在现代生活中女性就算是在某些领域可以追赶上男性，但至少在一个方面是领先的，尽管是她们不太想要的。纽约的退伍军管理医院精神科首席医生Yehuda博士说道，和男性相比，女性面对压力时，更容易受到影响，导致抑郁和紧张。
sphere [sfi] n. 球,球面,球体,天体,地球仪,范围vt. 包围,使成球体,放入球内
【例】Many countries have difficulties in the economic sphere. 许多国家在经济方面遇到了困难。
category  ['ktigri]  n. 种类,类项;
【例】These Categories recognize different levels of competition. 这些类别可被用来分辨出比赛里不同的等级。
susceptible  [s'septbl]  a. 易受影响的,易感动的,容许…的
【例】This agreement is not susceptible to alteration. 这一协议不容更改。
psychiatrist  [sai'kaitrist]  n. 精神病医师,精神病学家
【例】The psychiatrist gave testimony that …精神病医生有证言说……
①Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions.  ②In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.
对于动物和人类的研究都显示出性激素会在某种程度去影响面对压力的反应，导致在同样
的条件下，女性产生更多的致病化学物质。在几项研究中，当受到压力的雌鼠的卵巢（雌性的生殖器官）被拿掉后，它们的化学反应变得和那些雄性的一样了。
trigger  ['trig]  n. 触发器,板机,制滑机  vt. 触发,发射,引起  vi. 松开板柄
【例】The odour of food may be a trigger for man's appetite. 食物的香味能引起人的食欲。
1. Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions.
考研压力大怎么办【译文】对于动物和人类的研究都显示出性激素会在某种程度去影响面对压力的反应，导致在同样的条件下，女性产生更多的致病化学物质。
【解析】这句话的主语是Studies，of both animals and humans是定语，修饰主语。have shown是谓语，that后是宾语从句，sex hormones是宾语从句中的主语，affect是宾语从句中的谓语，the stress response是宾语从句中的宾语，causing females under stress to pro
duce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions.是宾语从句中的状语从句。
2. In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.
【译文】在几项研究中，当受到压力的雌鼠的卵巢（雌性的生殖器官）被拿掉后，它们的化学反应变得和那些雄性的一样了。
【解析】这句话中In several of the studies和when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed都是状语从句，their chemical responses是主语，became是谓语，在when的状语从句中，stressed-out female rats是从句中的主语，had something removed是谓语。
③Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased “opportunities” for stress. “It’s not necessarily that women don’t cope as well. It’s just t
hat they have so much more to cope with,” says Dr. Yehuda. “Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men’s,” she observes, “it’s just that they’re dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.”
对于女性来说，除了产生更多的导致压力的化学物质外，她们产生压力的“机会”也更多。“并不是女性要处理的事情太少，而是她们有更多的事情要处理。”Yehuda博士说道。“她们对于压力的承受能力有时候甚至比男性的还大”，她观察到，“她们只是需要处理的事情太多，看起来会更容易精疲力尽。”
capacity    [k'psiti]  n. 容量,能力,才能,资格【例】This room has a seating capacity of 100 people. 这个房间可容纳一百人。
3. Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased “opportunities” for stress.
【译文】对于女性来说，除了产生更多的导致压力的化学物质外，她们产生压力的“机会”也更多。“并不是女性要处理的事情太少，而是她们有更多的事情要处理。
【解析】这句话中Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals是状语，add to的意思是增加,增添,补充，后面的句子没有主语。Adding to后面接的是名词，表补充！
Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. “I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. ④The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.”
Yehuda博士注意到了另一个男女之间的不同点。“我认为，女性通常要做的事是慢性的，重复的。而男人去战场，承受的是格斗的压力。男性面临的更多的是随意的身体上的暴力。女性面对的人与人之间的暴力是在家庭环境中的。不幸的是，她们与父母还有其他的家庭成员之间不是能够一次性解决的问题。这种长期的关系的磨合是更有破坏性的。