英语国际音标入门
音标常识
1、英语国际音标48个,元音20个、辅音28个。发音时声带振动,呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍,这样形成的语音称为元音。不论声带振动与否,发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍,这样形成的语音称为辅音。发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。
2、元音与辅音分类
元 音 20个 | 12个单元音 | 长元音 | [i:] | [ә:] | [ɔ:] | [u:] | [a:] | |||||
短元音 | [i] | [ә] | [ɔ] | [u] | [Λ] | [e] | [æ] | |||||
8个双元音 | [ai] | [ei] | [ɔi] | [iә ] | [eә ] | [uә ] | [au] | [әu] | ||||
辅 音 28个 | 10对 | 清辅音 | [p] | [t] | [k] | [f] | 学英语音标[s] | [∫] | [t∫] | [tr] | [θ] | [ts] |
浊辅音 | [b] | [d] | [g] | [v] | [z] | [3] | [d3] | [dr] | [ð] | [dz] | ||
3个鼻音 | [m] | [n] | [η] | |||||||||
5个其他辅音 | [h] | [r] | [l] | [w] | [j] | |||||||
元音字母
a e i(y) o u
辅音字母
b、c、d、f、g、h、j、k、l、m、n、
p、q、r、s、t、v、w、x、y、z
英语发音规则:元音+辅音
课堂讲义
Lesson 1 元音[i:] [i] [ә:] [ә] 的学习
代表单词:
eat each bee pea
see sea tree three
meet meat feet feel
he me
通常情况下,发[i:]这个音的字母和字母组合e ea ee
根据发音规则,圈出下列单词中元音字母组合发音相同的两个词。
1. seat rain bean cat
2.gift feet teacher dog
3.pig star tree jeep
4.sweet sea fish the
2、短元音[i]的发音要诀:舌抵下齿,双唇扁平分开,牙床近于全合,发短促之“一”音。
代表单词
it is pig big
fish ship jaket rocket
happy sunny
发[i]这个音的字母和字母组合i e y
根据发音规则,圈出每组中元音字母发音不相同的单词。
1.sofa sit kick lip
2.in gift jam ship
3.hand picture big sister
4.hot lick pig many
3、长元音[ә:]的发音要诀:舌上抬,唇成自然状态,口半开半闭,发“厄”之长音。
代表单词
term immerse
bird girl skirt first
nurse Thursday turtle purple curtain
early learn
word work
发[ә:]这个音的字母和字母组合er ir ur ear or
勾出每组中元音字母组合发音相同的单词。
1.thirty beer thirsty wheat
2. bank king her nurse
3.turtle bird rabbit knee
4.room run shirt term
3、短元音[ә]的发音要诀:舌上抬,唇成自然状态,口半开半闭,牙床较张开,发“厄”之短音。
代表单词
picture sugar
teacher brother dinner father sister
doctor
about above panda sofa C hina the
发[ә]这个音的字母和字母组合ure er(词尾) ar or a e
根据发音规则,出发[ә]的2个单词写在后面的横线上。
1.mother sofa road smile
2.sit father sister food
3. hair deer tiger China
4.sugar soon ear leader
练习题
1. 出下列没有相同发音的词。
( ) ①he feet bread green
( ) ②pig is dog ship
( ) ③thirty bird her food
( ) ④she big in money
( ) ⑤sweet fish teacher we
( ) ⑥teacher sister about girl
( ) ⑦tiger first work shirt
( ) ⑧tree bean clean chin
( ) ⑨father doctor skirt china
( ) ⑩happy sea sit picture
3. 连线。
meat [ә:]
thirsty [i]
driver [ә]
animal [i:]
Lesson 2 元音[ɔ:] [ɔ] [u:] [u]的学习
5、长元音[ɔ:]的发音要诀:双唇收得小而圆,并向前突出,舌身往后缩,类似“喔”之长音。
代表单词
draw strawberry ball wall
horse corn fork or short
floor door
发[ɔ:]这个音的字母和字母组合aw al or oor
根据发音规则,出发[ɔ:]的1个单词
1. tall bird bread poor
2. idea chair sport here
3. cake bear walk cup
4. drink short back milk
6、短元音[ɔ]的发音要诀:双唇微向外突出成圆形,舌后升起,舌尖不触下齿,发“奥”音。
代表单词
fox dog shop coffee
doctor long watch
发[ɔ]这个音的字母和字母组合o a
根据发音规则,出发[ɔ]的2个单词
1. doctor teacher box clothes
2. cold zoo clock dog
3. most boss lot violin
4. watch beach fox girl
7、[u:]的发音要诀:双唇成圆形,牙床近于半合,舌尖不触下齿,自然而不用力,发“屋”之长音。
发布评论