01
（2022·湖南师大附中高三阶段练习）200,000 miles from Earth, the crew of the third manned mission to the Moon faced an astronaut’s worst nightmare: an explosion on the spacecraft. It’s what happened in the Oscar-winning film Apollo 13, but it’s also a true story.
The lift-off of Apollo 13 took place on 11th April 1970. Two days into the mission, the three-man crew wer
e in big trouble. They had been carrying out routine checks when there was a loud bang. Warning lights were starting to flash. Looking out into space, they could see a trail of gas — the spacecraft was leaking oxygen. They sent out a short message to the scientists back on Earth: “Houston, we’ve had a problem here.” At first, they thought that a meteor (流星) had hit them, but they later found out that a short circuit had caused an oxygen container to explode. Whatever the cause, they knew there was no time to lose. Their electricity supply in the command module (指令舱) depended on that oxygen and pretty soon they would run out of both.
The only solution was to move into the lunar module — the section of the spacecraft that would have landed on the Moon. Now though, they were using it as a kind of lifeboat. With its own power supply, oxygen and water, the three men could survive in the lunar module and return to Earth. There was another problem though. In an enclosed space like a lunar module, the carbon dioxide the crew was breathing out was dangerous. The equipment to clear the air of carbon dioxide was only built for two people. Now it had to deal with three. Amazingly, the crew managed to build an adapter out of materials onboard to reduce the carbon dioxide to a safe level.
There was one final hindrance. The lunar module wasn’t strong enough to re-enter Earth’s atmosphere
so the crew had to go back into the damaged command module. To everyone’s relief, the crew of Apollo 13 arrived safely in the South Pacific Ocean on April 17th. Although the crew didn’t land on the Moon, NASA still considered the mission a success.
1．What was the astronauts’ first reaction to the explosion?
A．They went out to land on the Moon.B．They informed scientists on Earth.
C．They moved into the lunar module.D．They looked into the cause of the explosion. 2．How did the astronauts solve their air situation in the lunar module?
A．By moving back to the command module.B．By lowering the carbon dioxide level.
C．By creating a new oxygen supply.D．By limiting the oxygen use.
3．What does the underlined word in the last paragraph mean?
A．Surprise.B．Mission.C．Obstacle.D．Circumstance.
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．A Successful Mission B．An Amazing Adventure
C．Deep Space Exploration D．Life-and-Death Drama in Space
02
（2022·山西现代双语学校南校三模）Two of naturalist Charles Darwin’s notebooks that were reported stolen from Cambridge University’s library have been returned, two decades after they disappeared.
The university said on Tuesday that the manuscripts were left in the library inside a pink gift bag, along with a note wishing the librarian a happy Easter.
The notebooks, which include the 19th-century scientist’s famous 1837 “Tree of Life”sketch on evolution, went missing in 2001 after being removed for photographing, though at the time the staff believed they might have been misplaced. After the staff had searched the library’s collection of 10 million books, maps and manuscripts, but failed to find them, they were reported to police in October 2020 as stolen.
Darwin filled the notebooks with ideas shortly after returning from his voyage around the world on the ship HMS Beagle, developing ideas that would bloom into his landmark work on evolution On the Origi
n of Species. The notebooks are estimated to be valued at millions of dollars.
On March 9, 2022, the books reappeared, left in a public area of the library, outside the librarian’s office, which is not covered by security cameras. The university’s director of library services, Jessica Gardner, said her relief at the books’ reappearance was “profound and almost impossible to properly express.”
“The notebooks can now retake their rightful place alongside the rest of the Darwin archives (档案) at Cambridge, at the heart of the nation’s cultural and scientific heritage, alongside the archives of Sir Isaac Newton and Professor Stephen Hawking,” she said.
The notebooks are set to go on public display from July as part of a Darwin exhibition at the library. Cambridgeshire police said their investigation was continuing,“and we are following up some lines of inquiry. We also renew our appeal for anyone with information about the case to contact us,”the force said. 5．What caused the notebooks to go missing?
A．Being left in a pink plastic bag.
B．Getting removed by two naturalists.
C．Getting mixed with other collections.
D．Being taken away for taking pictures.
6．Why weren’t the notebooks reported to the police until 2020?
A．The staff had misplaced them.
B．The staff misjudged the situation.
C．The notebooks were guaranteed to be returned.
D．The notebooks were too worthless to be reported.
7．How did Jessica Gardner feel about the reappearance of the notebooks?
A．Anxious.B．Disturbed.C．Indifferent.D．Overjoyed.
8．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．The police were to drop the case.B．New witnesses have come forward.
C．The stealer has yet to be determined.D．The investigation came to a dead end.
03
（2022·浙江省长兴中学模拟预测）Many of China’s ancient architectural treasures smashed to dust before Lin Huiyin and Liang Sicheng began documenting them in the 1930s. The husband and wife team were among the first preservationists to operate in China, and by far the best known. Their efforts have since inspired generations of people to speak out for architecture threatened by the rush toward development.
Becoming China’s best architectural historians was no easy accomplishment. The buildings they wanted to save were centuries old located in distant parts of the country. In many cases, they had to journey through dangerous conditions in the Chinese countryside to reach them. Exploring China’s remote areas during the
1930s meant traveling muddy, poorly maintained roads by mule (骡子) or on foot. Inns were often dirty, food could be polluted, and there was always risk or violence from rebels, soldiers and robbers.
Their greatest discovery was the Temple of Buddha’s Light, in Wutai County, Shanxi Province. The bre
athtaking wooden temple was built in 857 A．D．, making it the oldest building known in China at the time.
Liang and Lin crawled into the temple’s most forbidding, forgotten areas to determine its age, including one hideaway inhibited by thousands of bats and millions of bedbugs, covered in dust and littered with dead bats. “In complete darkness and among the awful smell, hardly breathing, with thick masks covering our noses and mouths, we measured, drew, and photographed with flashlights for several hours. When at last we came out to take a breath of fresh air, we found hundreds of bedbugs in our bag. We ourselves had been badly bitten. Yet the importance and unexpectedness of our find made those the happiest hours of my years hunting for ancient architecture.” Liand wrote of the experience in an account included in “Liang and Lin; Partners in Exploring China’s Architectual Past.”
9．On their way to the ancient buildings, what kind of difficulties and risks do Liang and Lin face? A．Poor accommodations and personal security.
B．Poor accommodations and smelly areas.
C．Broken vehicles and violence from robbers.
D．Broken vehicles and muddy roads.
笔记本 热点10．Liang and Lin raised public awareness of ______.
A．documenting smashed historical buildings
B．rebuilding historically valuable buildings
C．saving the oldest temples in China
D．protecting historical buildings.
11．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A．Creativeness results in discovery
B．Difficulty produces achievement
C．Efforts contribute to happiness
D．Responsibilities contribute to development
04
（2022·江西·兴国中学二模）In November of 1902 President Theodore Roosevelt, a noted hunting enthusiast, had been invited to join a bear hunt near the town of Smedes, Mississippi. When the President had initially proven unsuccessful on this hunt, guide Holt Collier determined to find a suitable quarry (猎物) for Roosevelt.
Tracking a 235-pound bear to a watering hole, Collier knocked out the unfortunate bear and tied it securely to a nearby tree. A messenger was sent for the President, but when Roosevelt arrived he was unimpressed by the sight of a bound, dazed and bleeding bear. He had been shocked and disappointed by this unfamiliar method of hunting, using packs of dogs to track, flush out and wear down the prey while the hunter need only lie in wait for the animal to be driven to him. This was far from the physical challenge Roosevelt was accustomed to and fond of. He not only refused to claim the bear himself, but forbade anyone else from doing so as well. Regrettably, the rarely repeated resolution to the story does not include a happy ending for the bear. Seeing the condition of the injured bear, which had been badly bitten by the dogs, Roosevelt asked that it be put out of its misery.
Reporters with the hunting party soon spread news of Roosevelt’s fair play nationwide. Among those inspired by the story was Washington Post political cartoonist Clifford Berryman, who produced a wildly popular cartoon of the incident. New York City storeowners Morris and Rose Michtom were furth
er inspired by the cartoon, and Mrs. Michtom produced two stuffed bears for sale in their shop. The Michtom family even claimed to have written to Roosevelt and received permission to attach his name to the toy. “Teddy’s bear” swiftly became a hit, and later an enduring pop-culture symbol that has long outlasted its inspiration and namesake.
12．What did President Roosevelt think of the method of hunting?
A．Novel.B．Unacceptable.C．Traditional.D．Effective.
13．What probably happened to the bear in the end?
A．It bled to death.B．It was set free by the president.
C．It was taken to a shelter.D．It was killed at Roosevelt’s request.
14．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．The cartoon was named after President Roosevelt.
B．The Michtoms were on good terms with Roosevelt.
C．People thought highly of Roosevelt’s attitude to animals.
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