大学英语四级改革适用（段落翻译）-试卷259
(总分12, 做题时间90分钟)
4. Translation
Part Ⅳ Translation
1.
石狮 (stone lion)是中国传统建筑中常见的装饰，于 汉朝 (the Han Dynasty)传入中国。在中国文化中，狮子被当成神兽。所以人们喜欢在户院大门前摆放石狮来驱邪，并且摆放的位置是相对固定的。根据传统，门前摆放的石狮应为一对，雄狮在左而雌狮在右。石狮的外表各有不同。从整体上看，北方的狮子比较简单，而南方的狮子更生动。
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答案:
正确答案： The stone lion, introduced into China in the Han Dynasty, is a common ornament in Chinese traditional architecture. In Chinese culture, lion is regarded as a holy beast. Therefore, Chinese people like to place stone lions in front of the gate to drive away evil spirits. And the placement of the stone lions is quite fixed. According to traditions, the stone lions should be a pair with the male in the left and the female in the right. The appearances of stone lions can be various. As a whole, the lions in the North are simpler while those in the South are more vivid.
正确答案： The stone lion, introduced into China in the Han Dynasty, is a common ornament in Chinese traditional architecture. In Chinese culture, lion is regarded as a holy beast. Therefore, Chinese people like to place stone lions in front of the gate to drive away evil spirits. And the placement of the stone lions is quite fixed. According to traditions, the stone lions should be a pair with the male in the left and the female in the right. The appearances of stone lions can be various. As a whole, the lions in the North are simpler while those in the South are more vivid.
解析：1．第1句中的“于汉朝传入中国”宜处理为定语，修饰“石狮”，用过去分词短语introduced into China in theHan Dynasty来表达。 2．第3句的两个分句都比较长，且意思独立，宜分译成两个独立的句子。第1个分句中的“户院大门”可用gate或external door来表达。“在户院大门前”为地点状语，置于“石狮”之后。“来驱邪”表目的，故将其译成目的状语，用不定式短语to drive away evil spirits来表达。 3．第4句中的“门前摆放的石狮”因前面一句
已有提及，故可承前省略译成the stone lions即可。将“雄狮在左而雌狮在右”处理成表伴随状态的状语，用介词短语with the male in the left and the female in theright来表达。 4．最后一句中的“北方的狮子比较简单，而南方的狮子更生动”为比较句，翻译时应采用比较级形式，表达为the lions in the North are simpler while those in the South are more vivid。其中，“北方的”可译为in the North或from the North。“南方的狮子”因英语表达习惯避免重复，故用those来指代“狮子”。
2.
在第7届 中国-东盟首脑会议 (China-ASEAN Summit)上，倡议，从2004年起每年在中国广西南宁举办 中国-东盟博览会 (China-ASEAN Expo)。他的提议受到东盟各国领导人的欢迎。设立博览会的目的是争取中国和东盟各国的互惠互利、共同繁荣。十年来，博览会极大推动了区域经济和贸易合作，为世界各地的商界带来了巨大机遇。今年，2300多家来自中国和东南亚国家的公司参加了展会。
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答案:
正确答案： At the 7th China-ASEAN Summit, Wen Jiabao proposed that the China-ASEAN Expo be held annually in Nanning, Guangxi, China from the year 2004. His initiative was welcomed by the ASEAN leaders. The objective is to work hard for mutual benefits **mon prosperity between China and ASEAN countries. For a decade, the Expo has greatly boosted regional economic and trade cooperation and provided tremendous opportunities for the **munities from all over the world. This year, more than 2,300 companies from China and countries of Southeast Asia attended the Expo.
正确答案： At the 7th China-ASEAN Summit, Wen Jiabao proposed that the China-ASEAN Expo be held annually in Nanning, Guangxi, China from the year 2004. His initiative was welcomed by the ASEAN leaders. The objective is to work hard for mutual benefits **mon prosperity between China and ASEAN countries. For a decade, the Expo has greatly boosted regional economic and trade cooperation and provided tremendous opportunities for the **munities from all over the world. This year, more than 2,300 companies from China and countries of Southeast Asia attended the Expo.
解析：1．第1句中的“从2004年……博览会”是提议的内容，故用that引导从句作propose的宾语。 2．在第2句“他的提议受到东盟各国领导人的欢迎”中，“受到”是汉语中表示被动语态的标记词，故此句用被动语态译出。相类似的标记词还有“通过、让、给、遭、由、为……所”等。 3．倒数第2句中的“极大推动”和“带来了巨大机遇”都是以“博览会”为执行者，故汉译英时用and连接这两个并列的动宾结构。 4．最后一句中修饰“公司”的定语“来自中国和东南
亚国家的”较长，故将其处理成后置定语，用介词短语fromChina and countries of Southeast Asia来表达，省略coming一词不译，显得更简洁流畅。
3.
成吉思汗 (Genghis Khan)，原名 英语四级各题分值铁木真 (Temujin)，出生于1162年。他是中国史和世界史上杰出的政治家和 军事家 (strategist). 1206年春天，成吉思汗建立 大蒙古国 (Mongol Empire).此后他多次发动战争以征服其他国家。他带领的军队占领了许多地方，并给这些地域造成了巨大破坏。成吉思汗是著名的历史人物，同时又是最有争议的人物之一。几百年来，中外学者从不同角度研究成吉思汗的功过是非。
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答案:
正确答案： Genghis Khan, originally named Temujin, was born in 1162. He is an outstandin
正确答案： Genghis Khan, originally named Temujin, was born in 1162. He is an outstandin
g politician and strategist in both Chinese history and world history. In the spring of 1206, Genghis Khan established the Mongol Empire. After that he had launched many wars in order to conquer other countries. His army had captured many places, to which serious damage was also brought Genghis Khan is not only a famous figure in history, but also one of the most controversial characters. For hundreds of years, scholars at home and overseas have been studying Genghis Khan on his rights and wrongs from various angles.
解析：1．第1句中“原名铁木真”作为插入语，用originally named Temujin来表达。 2．第2句“他是……军事家”是对成吉思汗的总体评价，并非介绍其生平事迹，故应该用一般现在时。 3．在第4句中，中文有两个动作“发动”和“征服”，后者“以征服其他国家”表目的，故处理为in order to的目的状语，“发动战争”处理为句子的谓语。 4．第5句“他带领的……，并给……”由两个分句构成，语义并列，故可处理为并列结构，译作his army hadcaptured…and brought serious damage to…；也可将后半句处理成分词短语bringing great damageto…作结果状语；后半句还可用非限制性定语从句to which serious damage was also brought来表达。 5．倒数第2句中，“成吉思汗是……，同时又是……”使用not only…but also的句式来表达。此处出现两个“人物”，分别用figure和character来表达，避免重复。
6．翻译最后一句时，用现在完成进行时来表达从过去到现在一直持续的动作，译作For hundreds of years，scholars at home and overseas have been studying…。“成吉思汗的功过是非”可译为the rights andwrongs of Genghis Khan，但不如译作Genghis Khan on his rights and wrongs表达得更为确切。
4.
由于中国北方 重度雾霾 (heavy smog)持续不散，公众越发关注空气污染问题。一些 网民 (netizen)甚至对污染的程度表达了愤怒情绪。治理空气污染迫在眉睫。中国多个城市实行汽车限购，希望此举一方面能缓解交通拥堵，一方面能控制空气污染。中国政府准备推出一个长期计划来控制导致严重污染的行业。政府也将额外支出50亿元人民币来改善北方地区的空气质量。
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答案:
正确答案： Since heavy smog stays continually in northern China, the public is increasingly concerned about air pollution. Some netizens even express their anger over the pollution levels. It's extremely urgent to control air pollution. Many Chinese cities have imposed limits on car purchases, hoping to ease the traffic jam, and meanwhile control air pollution. The Chinese government is launching a long-term plan to control industries which cause heavy pollution. It is also spending an additional five billion yuan on the improvement of air quality in the northern region.
正确答案： Since heavy smog stays continually in northern China, the public is increasingly concerned about air pollution. Some netizens even express their anger over the pollution levels. It's extremely urgent to control air pollution. Many Chinese cities have imposed limits on car purchases, hoping to ease the traffic jam, and meanwhile control air pollution. The Chinese government is launching a long-term plan to control industries which cause heavy pollution. It is also spending an additional five billion yuan on the improvement of air quality in the northern region.
解析：1．在第1句中，“公众”表达为the public，作主语时，谓语动词用单、复数都可以：作为一个整体，谓语动词用单数；强调每一个具体成员，谓语动词用复数。“由于中国北方……”表原因，故处理成原因状语从句，译作Since heavy smog stays continually in northern China，地点状语“中国北方”置于句末。 2．第3句中的“……迫在眉睫”可套用句型it is extremely urgent to do．．．来表达。主语“治理空气污染”用不定式来表目的，译作to control air pollution。 3．第4句中的“希望此举一方面能……，一方面能……”处理为主句“中国多个城市已经限制购车”(Many Chi—nese cities have imposed limits on car purchases)的
伴随动作，用现在分词短语hoping to ease．．．andmeanwhile control．．．来表达，使译文流畅、衔接紧密。 4．倒数第2句中的“来控制导致严重污染的行业”为目的状语，用动词不定式短语来表达to control indus—tries…，其中定语“导致严重污染的”较长，故将其处理成定语从句，译作which cause heavy pollution，置于被修饰语industries之后。
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