全国英语等级考试pets3级历年真题卷
阅读Part A
The political career of Cicero, a great Roman statesman and the most well-knownspeech-mak-er of his time, was a remarkable one. At the time, high political offices in Rome,though techni-cally achieved by winning elections, were almost exclusively controlled by agroup of wealthy no-ble families that had held them for many generations. Cicero′s family,though noble, was not one of them, nor did it have great wealth. But Cicero had a great dealof political ambition; at a very young age he chose as his basic belief the same one Achilleswas said to have had: to always be the best and overtop the rest. Lacking the advantages ofa proper family origin, there were essentially only two career options open to him. One wasa military career, since military success was thought to result from exceptional personalqualitie
s and could lead to popularity and therefore political op-portunity as was the casemuch later for American presidents Ulysses S. Grant and Dwight D. Eisen-hower. Cicero,however, was no soldier. He hated war, and served in the military only very brief-ly as ayoung man.
Instead, Cicero chose a career in the law. To prepare for this career, he studied law,rhetoric,and philosophy. When he felt he was ready, he began taking part in legal cases. Acareer in the law could lead to political success for several reasons, all of which are stillrelevant today. First, a lawyer would gain a great deal of experience in making speeches.Second, he could also gain ex-posure and popularity from cases. Finally, a successful lawyerwould build up a network of politi-cal connections, which is important now but was evenmore important in.Cicero′s time, when po-litical competition was not conducted alongparty lines or on the basis of doctrine, but instead was based on loose, shifting networks ofpersonal friendships and commitments. Cicero proved to be an excellent speech-maker andlawyer, and an outstanding politician. He was elected to each of the principal Roman officeson his first try and at the earliest age at which he was legally
allowed to run for them.
26[单项选择题] To win an important office in Cicero’s time，a candidate should__________．
A.be born of a wealthy family
B.possess political experience
C.launch a national campaign
D.convince the general public
27[单选题] Cicero came from a family with__________．
A.great wealth
B.remarkable fame
C.political ambition
D.noble background
28[单选题] Unlike Cicero，Ulysses Grant attained his political position due to__________．
A.his strong beliefs
B.his personal relations
三级 英语C.his military achievements
D.his powerful speeches
29[单选题] A Roman politician’s career prospects were strongly influenced by__________.
A.their party’s support
B.their social connections
C.their political doctrine
D.their public popularity
30[单选题] Cicero was elected to the principal offices when__________．
A.he got support from his friends
B.he began his career as a lawyer
C.he was committed to social services
D.he was just old enough to run for them
材料题
根据下面资料，回答31-35题。
One of the key challenges in urban architecture over the next 50 years will be figuringout how to squeeze vast numbers of additional people into urban areas that are alreadyextremely crowded.
London, for example, will somehow have to deal with a projected 100,000 extrainhabitants every year until 2016. The current plan of building new "satellite towns" of thecity causes a lot of prob-lems-but architecture think tanks are working on ambitioussolutions that go vertical instead of horizontal in search of space.
In terms of population density, London is one of the least crowded major cities in theworld--four times fewer people per square kilometer than Paris, for example, six times fewerthan New York and eight times fewer than Cairo. But the fact remains that the city′spopulation is growing at a rapid rate, and horizontal expansion into the surrounding areas iseating up increasingly important agricultural land, as well as worsening all the transportproblems that come with urban growth.
Popular Architecture would propose a radically different solution. The proposal is to goup-wards, with vertical towers of considerable size, each representing an entire new town bythe time it′s completed. Each tower would be 1500 meters high. Beyond mereaccommodation, each tower would function as an entire town unit, with its own school
s,hospitals, parks and gardens, sports facilities, business areas and community spaces. Thepopulation density of such a tower could help lower the individual energy requirements ofeach inhabitant, reducing the ecological impact of the population as a whole.
The village towers are considered as hollow tubes, with large holes to allow light and airthrough the entire construction. Occasional floor discs spread throughout the height of thebuilding will give inhabitants large central areas in the middle of the tube to use asgathering spaces.
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