Our country region is vast, the weather changes a lot and floods, hurricanes, tornadoes, and seismic resistance disasters waiting, this not earthquake of wenchuan to people's lives and property caused great damage.
近50年来，我国每年由地震、地质、旱涝、海洋、疫病等自然灾害造成的直接经济损失约占国民生产总值的4%.自然灾害已经成为影响我国经济发展和社会安全的重要因素，依靠科技进步，提高我国防灾减灾的综合能力已成为当务之急。
Nearly 50 years, our country annually by the earthquake, geology, drought, Marine, disease etc natural disasters caused the direct economic losses accounted for about 4% of GDP. Natural disasters have become effect on our country's economic development and social security of the important factors that rely on scientific and technological progress, enhances our country of disaster prevention and mitigation comprehensive ability has become a top priority. 马羚儿子
一、我国防灾减灾科技应用与建设的现状我国目前已建立起了较为完善、广为覆盖的气象、海洋、地震、水文、森林火灾和病虫害等地面监测和观测网，建立了气象卫星、海洋卫星、陆地卫星系列，并正在建设减灾小卫星星座系统。 车险买哪几种险就够了
One of our country, and disaster-reduction technology application and current situation of the constructi
on of our country at present has established a comparatively perfect, widely covered meteorology, Marine, earthquakes, hydrology, forest fires and pest on the ground monitoring and network, established the meteorological satellite, ocean satellite, terrestrial satellite series, and is under construction and mitigation small satellite constellation system.
在气象监测预报方面，建成了较先进的由地面气象观测站、太空站、各类天气雷达及气象卫星组成的大气探测系统，建立了气象卫星资料接收处理系统、现代化的气象通信系统和中期数值预报业务系统。
In meteorological forecast, built more advanced by ground meteorological observatory, station, all kinds of weather radar and meteorological satellite composed of atmospheric detection system, established the meteorological satellite data receiving treatment system, modernized meteorological communication system and metaphase numerical prediction business systems.
全国已形成了由国家、区域、省、地、县五级分工合理、有机结合、逐级指导的基本气象信息加工分析预测体系。
The national has formed by national, regional, prefectural and county category five provinces, rational division, organic combination and summarized the basic meteorological information processi
ng guide analysis and forecast system.
为了监测江河洪水，国家组建了由数目众多的水文站、水位站、雨量站等组成的水文监测网，建立了七大江河地区洪涝灾害易发区警戒水域遥感数据库，
将遥感技术在“八五”期间应用于洪灾监测。
To monitor the rivers flooding, countries established by the vast number of hydrological, ShuiWeiZhan, YuLiangZhan etc of hydrological monitoring network, established seven rivers region flood disaster areas remote sensing database which will warn waters of remote sensing technology in the 8th five-year plan period applied to flood monitoring.
大江大河防汛抗旱工程技术有了长足的进步，有些领域已经达到世界先进水平。
热干面Big rivers and flood control and drought engineering technology had great progress, some areas has reached the advanced world level.
另外，利用现代科技积极开展小流域综合治理工作，如农区人工增雨、人工防雹、滴灌工程等，这些技术措施在一定程度上对防灾减灾发生了非常积极的作用。
In addition, by using modern technology actively watershed comprehensive management work, like agro-forestry artificial precipitation, artificial prevent hail, drip irrigation project and so on, these technical measures in a certain extent to disaster happened very positive role.
在地震监测和抗震方面，组建了400多个地震观测台站，“十五”期间进行了数字化改造，由48个国家级数字测震台站组成的国家数字测震台网和由300多个区域数字测震台站组成的20个区域数字测震台网以及若干个流动数字测震台网、数字强震台网构成了中国数字测震系统，建立了大震警报系统和地震前兆观测系统，形成了比较完整的监测预报系统，编制了全国地震烈度区划图和震害预测图，确定了52个城市作为国家重点防震城市，对全国地震烈度6度以上地区的工程建筑，实施综合性震害防御，对城市和大中型工矿企业的新建工程进行了抗震设防，完成了多条铁路干线、主要输油管线和多座骨干电厂、大型炼油厂，一批重点骨干钢铁企业和超大型乙烯工程以及大型水库的抗震加固。
In earthquake monitoring and aseismic aspects and organized more than 400 earthquake observation stations, in the tenth-five period, the digital transformation by 48 national digital ride stations composed of national digital ride networks and by more than 300 regional figures ride stations composed of 20 regional figures ride networks and several flow digital ride stations and digital earthquake networks of Chinese digital ride system, established the relativity alarm system and earthquake precursory observation system, form a relatively complete forecast system, draw up
national the seismic intensity zoning map and seismic damage prediction diagram and determine the 52 cities as national key shockproof city, to the national earthquake intensity 6 degrees above area of engineering construction, the implementation of urban comprehensive earthquake defense, and medium-sized mining enterprises new engineering anti-seismic,
completed many mainline railway, main pipeline and several backbone power plant, large refineries, a batch of key steel enterprises and super-large ethylene project and large reservoir of aseismatic reinforcement.
在地质灾害防治方面，加强了对滑坡、泥石流、崩塌以及地面沉降、地面塌陷、地裂等地质灾害的勘查防治工作，采取了包括工程防御体系、生物水保防御体系、管理防护体系，社会管理体系和预测及报警体系在内的综合防御体系，并取得了一定的效果，同时把生态建设与防灾减灾相结合，实施封山育林、退耕还林、退田还湖、退田还草和修建水利工程等一系列措施，极大地防止和减轻了地质灾害的危害和损失。
In geological hazard prevention, strengthened the landslide and debris flow, collapse and the surface subsidence, surfance sink, crack geological hazards, such as exploration control work, and taken including engineering defense system, biological conservation defense system, management protect宽带路由器怎么设置
ion system, the system of social management and forecast and warning system, the integrated defense system, and has obtained the certain effect, and the ecological construction and disaster-reduction unifies, implement closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation, reforestation, returning farmland, return tian grassland and building water conservancy project, a series of measures to prevent and reduce greatly the geological disaster harm and loss.
全国已建立了25片国家级水土流失重点治理区，实施了七大流域水土保持工程，在一万多条水土流失严重的小流域，开展了山水田林综合治理。
The national has established the state-level key 25 pieces of soil erosion ecologicalenvironment, implement the seven basin of water and soil conservation project, in more than 10,000 small watershed serious soil erosion, and carried out the landscape TianLin comprehensive treatment.
先后确立了包括“三北”防护林、长江中上游防护林、沿海防护林、平原农田防护林、淮河太湖流域防护林、珠江流域防护林、辽河流域防护林、黄河中游防护林和太行山绿化工程、防治沙漠化工程的十大林业生态工程。
Successively established including "three norths" shelter-forest, Yangtze river shelter-forest, coastal protection ethnics-people, the plain farmland shelterbelt, huai river basin shelter forest, taihu lake pe
arl river basin shelter forest, liaohe basin shelter forest, the middle Yellow River shelter-forest and taihang mountain greening engineering, control of desertification engineering of 10 forestry ecological engineering.
此外，还发射了“资源一号”、“资源二号”卫星，广泛应用于资源勘查、防灾减灾、地质灾害监测和科学试验等领域。
In addition, still launched "resource no.1", or "resource no.2" satellite, widely used in resources explora
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tion, disaster prevention and mitigation, geological disaster monitoring and scientific experiments, etc.
二.防灾减灾科技发展缓慢一是在不同灾种以及防灾减灾的不同环节中，科技发展与应用水平很不平衡；
2. Disaster-reduction technology development is slow in different light, disaster prevention and mitigation of different segments of the science and technology development and application level is very uneven,
二是各灾种的应急研究和操作水平差别较大，低水平重复研究较多；
2 it is all in the light of the emergency research and operation level difference is bigger, low-level repeating more research,
三是技术手段和装备落后，监测能力不强，短期预测预报能力还较低；
3 it is technology and equipment backwardness, monitoring capability is not strong, short-term prediction ability inferior;
四是缺乏各类灾害的科学评估模型和方法，灾害信息共享应用和评估的技术急需完善；
dnf物攻宝珠有哪些The fourth is lack of various disasters scientific assessment model and method, the information sharing application and evaluate disaster technical urgent need of perfect,
五是对一些重大灾害的认识与防治技术，长期徘徊不前；
Five is to some major disaster prevention and control technology, understanding and plateaued linger for a long time,
六是现有科研结合国情实际不够密切，科技整体支撑能力有待提高等。
Six is existing research combined with actual situation closely enough, whole support ability should be further enhanced technology etc.
三.科普宣教力度不够缺乏统一的防灾减灾科普规划，没有固定的防灾减灾科普教育基地，也缺乏经常性的防灾减灾科普宣传活动，使防灾减灾科普缺乏系统性、连续性，致使我国社会公众防灾减灾知识、防灾减灾意识的科普教育水平较低，全社会对生态环境保护的意识较差，最终影响我三、我国防灾减灾科技支撑的对策建议四.加强国内外防灾减灾科技交流与合作鼓励防灾减灾科研机构、管理部门开展国内外交流合作，获得先进的应用技术及管理经验，追踪最新技术。
Three. Science mission is inadequate lack of unified planning, popular science and disaster-reduction no fixed popular science education base of disaster prevention and mitigation, also lack regular disaster-reduction scientific propaganda activities, make the disaster-reduction science lack of systematic, continuity, causes our social public disaster-reduction knowledge, consciousness on disaster prevention and mitigation of popular science education level is low, the whole society to ecological environmental protection consciousness is poorer, finally affect me three, our country and disaster-reduction countermeasures and Suggestions to support science and technology at home and abroad and disaster-reduction four. Streng
then technological exchange and cooperation encourage disaster-reduction research institutions, management departments develop domestic and international exchanges and cooperation, acquire advanced application technology and management experience, tracking the latest technology.
在跨国、跨区域的防灾减灾工程建设中，政府应积极协调，为项目实施提供帮助和保障。
In multinational, cross area of disaster prevention and mitigation in engineering construction, the government should actively coordinate, for project implementation to offer help and safeguard