非限定性定语从句中的关系代词
作主语
作定语
指人
who
whom
whose/of whom
which
which限制性从句
whose/of which
特殊情况
只能用that的情况,
1.先行词为everything,all,little,much等不定代词时;
2.先行词被all,every,no,any,some,little,much,one修饰时;
3.先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时;
4.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时;
5.先行词是be的表语或there be 的主语时;
6.先行词有人又有物时;
7.当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。
不能用that的情况
1.介词前置时;
2.非限定性定语从句中
多用who,不用that的情况
1.先行词为all,anyone,one,ones时;
2.先行词为those,he和people时;
这些词代替指人,whom在定语从句中指人,"who"和“that”既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语能够省略,who作宾语变为whom),that能够指人也能够指物, who不可指物 。在从句中所起作用如下:
(1)Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那个想见你的男人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)
(2)He is the man (whom/that) I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见到的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
(3)The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher. 刚刚和你说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师。(whom在从句中作宾语)
注:who在定语从句中指人,作主语和宾语,作宾语时可省略;做及物动词或介词的宾语,可省略。
2,which,that 用来指物(有六种情况只可用that而不用which)