孙逊个人资料学校名称： 澳洲澳大利亚西澳大学 -The University of Western Australia
2022年8月7日几点立秋所在位置：澳洲，35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009, Australia
1.概况
游戏昵称骚而不俗的UWA is a research-intensive university and one of the internationally recognised Australian Group of Eight that also comprises the University of Queensland, The University of Sydney, The University of New South Wales, Australian National University, The University of Melbourne, Monash University and The University of Adelaide. These universities are regarded as the nation’s leading research and comprehensive institutions.In a recent Federal Government ranking of the quality of Australian university research, ERA 2012, UWA ranked higher than any other WA university in the quality of its academic research and was the only WA university ranked at or above the world average in all research areas.According to Thompson-Reuters ISI Web of Knowledge, UWA has more highly cited
scholars than most other Australian universities. Highly cited scholars are considered to be within the top 200 academics worldwide in their field – UWA has 11.UWA attracts the highest level of research income of any Western Australian university with more than 70 per cent of all national competitive funding to the state coming to UWA.Over the years the University has acquired an international reputation for excellence and enterprise. It is regarded as one of Australia's top research institutions, attracting researchers of world standing across the range of disciplines, with international leaders in many diverse fields.
西澳大学是一所研究型密集型大学，也是澳大利亚八国集团之一，澳大利亚八国集团包括昆士兰大学、悉尼大学、新南威尔斯大学、澳大利亚国立大学、墨尔本大学、莫纳什大学和阿德莱德大学这些大学被视为国家领先的研究和综合性机构。在最近的联邦政府对澳大利亚大学研究质量排名中，西澳大学在其学术研究质量中排名高于任何其他西澳大学，并且是所有研究领域唯一排名世界平均水平的WA大学。根据Thompson-Reuters ISI知识网络，西澳大学比其他大多数澳大利亚大学更有引用的学者。高度引用的学者被认为是在全球前200名学术界的领域--西澳大学有11个。西澳大学吸引了西澳大学最高水平的研究收入，其中有70%以上的所有国家竞争性资金来自向美国国务院。多年来，大学在卓越和企
业方面获得了国际声誉。被认为是澳大利亚最顶尖的研究机构之一，吸引了世界各地学科领域的研究人员与国际领导人在许多不同领域。
2.部分杰出研究成果简介
Research results
邱泽 杨丞琳World-first hypertension treatment a success
Researchers at The University of Western Australia have taken a step forward in the fight against high blood pressure after the first human trials of a ground-breaking treatment produced successful results.Professor Markus Schlaich holds the Dobney Chair in Clinical Research and has been part of a global effort to effectively treat resistant hypertension at Royal Perth Hospital.The cutting-edge procedure targets carotid bodies, the tiny organs found on either side of the neck, which regulate the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.The procedure guides a catheter through the femoral vein in the groin up to the neck and ends adjacent to the carotid body. The device then specifically ta
rgets the organ with short ultrasound energy pulses, rendering it ineffective.Professor Schlaich said exposing a carotid body to ultrasound could permanently lower blood pressure in patients who failed to respond to medication or lifestyle changes.“We know that patients with uncontrollable high blood pressure will often have an overactive carotid body, so we’re looking to silence it or at least reduce its activity,” Professor Schlaich“The therapeutic ultrasound can emit waves of energy that travel through tissue and target the organ of interest.”Cardiovascular disease is an enormous burden on health and society, with more than30 per cent of Australians affected by high blood pressure and more than 8.5 million deaths each year worldwide, directly attributable to uncontrolled blood pressure.78-year-old patient Agnes Johnson had suffered from high blood pressure for 30 years and was the first person in Australia to undergo the procedure in 2016.After the treatment, Mrs Johnson said her blood pressure dropped from 220 over 90 to a more manageable 140 over 80 mmHg.“The medications I tried kept making me sick so having this done was of huge benefit to me. The procedure was fine, I had no side effects and now I feel much better,” she said.Professor Schlaich said the world-first catheter based a
pproach had been performed on 29 patients in Australia and Europe and he hopes to have the procedure readily available around the world in three to four years.“There is clear evidence to demonstrate that if you manage to reduce blood pressure you can dramatically reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke,” he said.“This approach won’t be used for everyone with hypertension but it could be a great approach for those patients whose blood pressure cannot be controlled with medication or lifestyle changes.”Professor Markus Schlaich will discuss the latest trends and treatment for high blood pressure at a free event taking place during UWA Research Week.
儿童成长寄语 简短研究成果一：世界首例高血压成功
西澳大利亚大学的研究人员在第一次人为的破坏性试验取得了成功的结果之后，向高血压的斗争迈出了一大步。Markus Schlaich教授担任Dobney临床研究主席，并且是全球努力在皇家珀斯医院有效耐药性高血压的一部分。尖端程序针对颈动脉体，颈部两侧发现的微小器官调节心血管和呼吸系统。该过程引导导管穿过腹股沟中的股静脉直到颈部并且邻近颈动脉体终止。然后，该装置专门针对具有短超声能量脉冲的器官，使其无效。
Schlaich教授说，将颈动脉体暴露于超声波可能会永久性降低未能对药物或生活方式改变作出反应的患者的血压。“我们知道，无法控制的高血压患者通常会出现过度活跃的颈动脉体，所以我们希望将其沉默或至少减少其活动。”Schlaich教授说。“性超声波可以发射通过组织的能量波，并瞄准感兴趣的器官。”心血管疾病是对健康和社会的巨大负担，超过30%的澳大利亚人受到高血压的影响，全世界每年有超过850万人死亡，直接归因于不受控制的血压。78岁的患者Agnes Johnson患有高血压30年，是澳大利亚在2016年接受手术的第一人后，约翰逊夫人说，她的血压从90度下降到超过80毫米汞柱的更易控制的140。“我试过的药物让我生病，所以做这件事对我来说是非常有益的。这个程序很好，我没有副作用，现在我感觉好多了，“她说。Schlaich教授说，澳大利亚和欧洲的29名患者已经进行了世界首例基于导管的方法，他希望在三到四年的时间里能够在世界各地开展手术。“有明确的证据表明，如果您设法降低血压，您可以大大降低心脏病发作和中风的风险，”他说。“这种方法不会用于患有高血压的每个人，但对于那些血压无法用药物或生活方式改变控制的患者，这种方法可能是一种很好的方法。”Markus Schlaich教授将在UWA研究周期间举行的自由活动中讨论最新趋势和高血压。
Computer algorithm links facial masculinity to autism
白鹿毕业于哪个大学A link between masculine facial features and autism has been discovered by researchers from The University of Western Australia, Telethon Kids Institute and Princess Margaret Hospital for Children.The first-of-its-kind study used 3D photogrammetry to examine whether pre-pubescent boys and girls with an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) displayed more masculine features compared to those without the condition. The research has been published today in Scientific Reports by the Nature Publishing Group.Genetic factors are known to play a major role in ASD however there is growing evidence that hormonal factors also influence development of the condition.A computer algorithm designed by UWA researchers was used to generate a gender score for a sample of 3D facial images to create a scale ranging from very masculine to very feminine. The gender scores were based on an analysis for 11 facial features such as breadth of a person's nose, distance between the outer corners of the eyes, upper lip height and width of the mouth and were compared between an autistic group and a control group. A total 113 girls and 102 boys who were not autistic and 20 girls and 54 boys who were autistic were involved in the study. For each sex, increased facial masculinity was observed in the ASD
group compared to the control group.Further analysis revealed that increased facial masculinity in the group with autism correlated with more social communication difficulties as measured on the Autism Diagnostic Observation Scale.UWA Research associate Syed Zulqarnain Gilani, from UWA’s School of Computer Science and Software Engineering said the extent of facial masculinity/femininity varied from one individual to another.“We have developed an algorithm to measure this variation using 3D images of people, which calculates a metric for each face, which we refer to as the gender score,” Mr Gilani said.“When we applied this algorithm to 3D faces of children diagnosed with an ASD, the results and trends were fascinating.”The study is the first to report that the faces of boys and girls with ASD are more masculinised than the faces of typically developing children, according to research associate Diana Tan, from UWA’s School of Psychological Science.“In our previous research, we found that a more masculinised facial profile was associated with increased exposure to prenatal testosterone,” Ms Tan said.“The current findings highlight a possible connection between prenatal testosterone and ASD.“A facial characteristic that is unique to ASD provides potential biological markers for this condition.
In the long run, we hope to further explore the possibility for 3D facial images to be used as a complementary diagnostic tool to aid in the early identification of ASD.”
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