分析国内三线及以下级别城市物流市场体系
1 三线城市——亟待开发的市场空白地带1 three line city -- the development needs of the market blank zone  近20年内我们国内的物流运输业飞速发展,出现了很多着名的品牌企业。这些企业占据了中国大城市的几乎半壁江山。一些中小型物流公司也如雨后春笋,迅速成立运营。大多数物流企业都愿意把目光投入到客户相对集中的大中城市,不愿意去小城市拓展市场,造成我国目前物流企业分布不均,一、二线城市物流企业多如牛毛,而三线及以下城市稀缺的局面。Within the past 20 years, our domestic logistics industry rapid development, there has been a lot of famous brand enterprises. These enterprises occupy the Chinese big city almost half of the country. Some small and medium-sized logistics companies such as bamboo shoots after a spring rain, the rapid establishment of operation. Most of the logistics enterprises are willing to look into the customer the relative concentration of the medium-sized city, do not want to expand the market of small city, resulting in the uneven distribution of the logistics enterprises, logistics enterprises, a second-tier city innumerable, and the three line and the following city scarcity situation.  目前在我国,除了国有的中国邮政,服务网点遍布全国,深入到村镇级别外,很少有物流运输企业,能把服务网点,拓展到三线以下城
市。通过2009年我国综合排名100强的物流企业名单,我们可以看到,北京市有14家企业进入百强,福建有13,山东有12,广东11,河北8,上海8,河南6,广西3,江苏2,浙江2,天津2个。其余企业基本分散于其他省份。根据对2009年物流百强名单中,入围较多省份的物流企业数量进行统计分析,发现分布在三线城市的物流企业数量远远少于分布在二线、一线城市。这充分表明在我国物流企业大部分集中于大城市和经济发达地区,有些城市物流过于饱和,而大部分西部地区、中部内陆地区,物流服务极其匮乏。At present in our country, in addition to state-owned China Post, service outlets throughout the country, into the village level, there are few logistics transport enterprises, the service network, expanding to three line city. By 2009 China's overall ranking list of top 100 logistics enterprises, we can see, Beijing city has 14 enterprises to enter the top 100, Fujian 13, Shandong 12, Guangdong 11, Hebei 8, Shanghai 8, Henan 6, Guangxi 3, Jiangsu 2, Zhejiang 2, Tianjin 2. The remaining enterprises scattered in other provinces. Based on the 2009 Top 100 list the number of finalists in logistics, many provinces of logistics enterprise carries on the statistical analysis, found the distribution over the number three line city logistics enterprises are far less than in the first-tier cities, second-tier distribution.
This fully shows that the logistics enterprises in China mostly concentrated in the big city and economically developed areas, some city logistics too saturated, and most of the western region, the central region, logistics service is extremely scarce.  二线城市中,沿海城市、省会城市,物流企业分布虽不如一线城市密集,但是国际知名物流公司(邦德物流、UPS,敦豪快运等等)与国内知名物流公司(宅急送,申通快递、圆通快递、天天快递、韵达快递等等),均已悉数入驻。在这些城市的消费者,也可以充分获得这些物流企业为其提供的完整的物流服务。而三线城市,尤其是地处内陆交通欠发达地区的三线城市,物流公司的数量大大缩水,大部分三线城市及以下级别的城市的消费者,基本都因物流服务欠缺问题,无法实现交易。Second city, coastal city, the provincial capital city, logistics and distribution companies are not as dense first-tier cities, but the international well-known logistics companies ( Bond logistics, UPS, DHL express and so on ) and domestic well-known logistics companies ( STO, Yuantong express, ZJS, daily express, Yunda express etc.), have all settled. In the city of the consumer, also can make the logistics enterprises to provide complete logistics services. And the three line of the city, especially the landlocked traffic underdeveloped areas of the three line of the city, the number of logistic
s companies has shrunk greatly, most of the three line of the city and the level of the city consumers, basically because of the problem of lack of logistics service, unable to realize the transaction.  而且,因物流公司网点不多所致运输成本上升,导致物流资费也不断上升。比如,从北京上海这些大城市,因物流企业多,竞争激烈,服务费用也互相竞价导致相对低廉。而三线城市,因物流企业数量少,顾客选择余地小,因此同样的物品、需要运输同样的里程,往往资费要比一线城市高出很多。But, because of rising logistics company dot is not caused by transportation costs, resulting in logistics cost is also rising. For example, from Beijing to Shanghai the city, due to the logistics enterprises, competition, service costs are also relatively low bid each other cause. And the three line of the city, due to the logistics enterprises are small in number, customer choice of small, so the same goods, need to transport the same mileage charges, often much higher than the first-tier cities.  物流企业分布不均的局面,由来已久,短时间内无法彻底改变。但是从另外一个方面来看,这种局面的出现,也恰恰让我们看到了一个绝佳的商机:大家都不愿意去的区域,往往是物流企业匮乏的地区,因此也注定会有大块的市场空白点。倘若能在这些市场空白地带做好文章,一定会给企业带来不菲的收益。Logistics enterprises uneven distribution situation, long-stan
ding, a short period of time can not be completely changed. But from another perspective, the emergence of this situation, just let us see an excellent business opportunity: we are not willing to go to the region, often is the logistics enterprise shortage areas, so it will have large gaps in the market. If you can do this in the market blank zone, will bring high returns.  2 三线城市连锁加盟模式适用性2 three line City franchise mode of application  2011年底,笔者分布对北京动物园服装批发市场、大红门服装批发市场、中关村电子批发市场等三大市场的300名商户做了随机调查采访,有超过2/3的受访者表明,希望物流服务深入到更小级别的城市。本次调查仅仅尽管范围和调查对象都有局限性,但是调查的结果也足以反映出消费者对于三线及以下级别城市的物流需求。By the end of 2011, the distribution of 300 businesses in the Beijing zoo clothing wholesale market, Dahongmen clothing wholesale market, Zhongguancun electronic wholesale market three market made a random survey interview, there are more than 2/3 of the respondents indicated that, hope logistics service into the smaller city. The survey only though the scope and object of investigation have limitations, but the results of the survey also reflects the consumer demand for logistics and below level three line city.  2.1传统经
营模式弊端困扰企业发展Development of the 2.1 defects of the traditional business model problems of enterprise  据国家发改委统计数据显示,20111—7,社会物流总额为88.2亿元,同比增长13.6%;物流业固定资产投资完成1.6万亿元,同比增长15.5%:社会物流总费用4.3万亿元,同比增长18.5%。物流行业作为生产性服务业,为国家一、二、三产实物生产和服务生产提供服务的同时,也作为以物流资源产业化而形成的一种复合型或聚合型产业,具有广阔的发展前景和发展空间。在物流业高速发展的背后,却存在众多制约其发展的因素,可谓隐痛甚忧。According to the national development and Reform Commission statistics show, 2011 1, July, the total social logistics is 8820000000 yuan, year-on-year growth of 13.6%; logistics industry investment in fixed assets 1.6 yuan, grow 15.5% compared to the same period : the total social logistics costs 4.3 yuan, a year-on-year increase of 18.5%. The logistics industry as production services, to provide services for the national one or two, three produce the real production and service production at the same time, also as a compound formed by logistics resources industrialization or polymerization industry, with broad prospects for development and development space. Behind the high-speed development of the logistics industry, there are many factors restricting the development
of pain, is very worried.  2.1.1门槛太低标准参差不齐2.1.1 threshold too low standard uneven  目前,山东省内仅合法注册的物流业者已达5万多家,物流车辆80多万辆。到2010年底,在济南市工商行政管理局注册的物流企业有350,液压升降机平台注册的物流个体商家6971个。其中在2010年新注册的物流企业就有148,物流个体商家4183,物流企业、个体物流商甚至还有没有执照的黑物流,鱼龙混杂没有统一的管理,一时间让客户难分真假。发展太快,全球气候变暖的原因又没有一个统一的行业标准,使很多不法商家乘虚而入,许多正规的物流企业都深受其害。At present, only legally registered logistics in Shandong province has reached more than 5, about 800000 logistics vehicles. By the end of 2010, registered in Ji'nan Administration Bureau for Industry and commerce logistics enterprises 350, 6971 individual businesses registered logistics. In 2010 newly registered logistics enterprises have 148, the logistics of individual businesses of 4183 individuals, business logistics, even without the license black logistics, dragons and fishes jumbled together no unified management, a time for the customer is difficult to distinguish true and false. Development too fast, there is no uniform industry standard, many unscrupulous businessmen take advantage of a weak point, many formal logistics enterprises have suff
ered.  2.1.2运输成本过高2.1.2 high cost of transportation  中国经济增长速度很快,GDP已占到世界的5%,进出口占整个GDP比例已超过了美国。羟丙基甲基纤维素无锡变成了世界上主要的集装箱和运输中心,深圳的增长也非常快。但中国物流业整体发展仍比较缓慢,在很多方面成本较高。 物流业成本过高降低了产品的竞争优势。美国经济中只有10%左右是物流,中国经济中物流所占比例则超过20%。中国物流管理的低效率在成本方面也是较高的,美国物流每个部分的成本都比中国低,管理方面的成本只占3%—8%,但中国却达到了15%左右。Chinese economic growth is rapid, GDP has accounted for 5% of the world, import and export accounted for the entire GDP ratio has exceeded the United States of america. Wuxi has become the world's major container and transportation center, Shenzhen's growth is also very fast. But the overall development of China's logistics industry is still relatively slow, high cost in many aspects. Logistics costs are too high to reduce the product's competitive advantage. The American economy is only around 10% of logistics, China logistics economy in the proportion of more than 20%. China logistics management efficiency in terms of cost is higher, the United States of America each part of logistics cost is lower than in China, the management of the cost of only 3% - 8%, but
China has reached about 15%.  近年来,物流成本一直居高不下,已经成为限制物流行业发展的一个重要因素。据了解,一个货运企业的交通费用里,燃油费只占不到30%,而路桥费却占到了70%以上。据统计,2010年中国物流总费用占国内生产总值比重约18%左右,比发达国家高出一倍。过高的物流成本直接导致国内许多商品价格的升高。不断升高的商品价格和不断增长的物流成本互相作用,让很多商品经销商表示负担不起,也导致了我国的物流业低价化、同质化,利润率偏低。In recent years, the logistics cost has been high, has become an important factor restricting the development of the logistics industry. It is understood, a freight transportation enterprise transportation costs, fuel costs accounted for only less than 30%, while Luqiao costs are accounted for more than 70%. According to statistics, the total logistics costs in 2010 China's GDP accounted for about 18%, which is more than double that of the developed countries. High logistics costs directly lead to the increase of many domestic commodity prices. Rising commodity prices and rising logistics costs interact each other, let a lot of commodity dealers said can't afford, also led to the logistics industry of the our country price, homogeneity, low profit.  2.1.3社会化物流需求不足和专业化物流供给能力不足的问题同时存在,“大而全”、“小而全”的企业物流运作
模式还相当普遍;2.1.3 social inadequate demand to logistics and specialized logistics supply capacity problems exist at the same time, " big and complete ", " small and complete " enterprise logistics operation mode is quite common;  2.1.4很多物流企业的基础设施能力不足,尚未建立布局合理、衔接顺畅、能力充分、高效便捷的综合交通运输体系,物流园区、物流技术装备等能力有待加强;2.1.4 a lot of logistics infrastructure capacity is insufficient, has not yet been established with reasonable layout, smooth, full, efficient integrated transport system convenient, logistics park, logistics technology and equipment capacity needs to be strengthened;  2.1.5地方封锁和行业垄断对资源整合和一体化运作形成障碍,物流市场还不够规范; 2.1.6物流技术、人才培养和物流标准还不能完全满足需求,物流服务的组织化和集约化程度不高。2.1.5 local blockade and monopoly of resources integration and the integration operation form barriers, logistics market is still not standardized; 2.1.6 logistics technology, personnel training and logistics can not fully meet the demand, logistics service organization and the degree of concentration is not high.  我国物流业目前处于竞争微利的时期,正经历行业升级和蜕变的艰难阶段,行业竞争也日趋激烈。竞争的白热化将加剧行业的优胜劣汰,开始新一轮的洗牌。China's logistics indu
stry is currently in a competitive profit period, is in a difficult stage of industry upgrading and transformation, the fierce competition in the industry. The white-hot competition will aggravate the industry's survival of the fittest, began a new round of reshuffle.  一方面屡创新高的油价、以及居高不下的养路费、过路过桥费、各种税务等使得物流成本层层递加,毕业感谢老师的话简短利润下滑;另一方面企业贷款普遍困难融资无门。资金链的紧张或成为压垮部分物流企业尤其是民营物流企业的最后一根稻草。A record high fuel prices, and high fees, tolls, various tax makes the logistics cost layers of decline, falling profits; on the other hand, business loans generally difficult financing without the door. Funding chain tension or become overwhelmed by the part of logistics enterprises especially the last straw of private logistics enterprises.  2.2连锁加盟模式极具优势2.2 franchise mode has great advantages  2.2.1有利于提高物流服务水平2.2.1 helps to improve the level of logistics services  连锁加盟的形式决定了物流总部不受资金的限制,可以迅速扩张规模。因为开设的每一家特许加盟店都是由加盟商自己出资,加盟商对分店拥有所有权,总部只需输出优秀的管理、品牌、产品和服务即可。由于特许经营风险较小,各金融机构更乐意贷款给总部和加盟店,因此开分店的资金来源较容易解决,这使特许加盟店能快速“克隆”。The form of franchis
e decides the logistics headquarters not subject to funding constraints, can expand rapidly. Because each a franchise stores are funded by the franchisees, franchisees have ownership of the branch, headquarters output only good management, brand, product and service. The franchise with less risk, financial institutions more willing to lend to the headquarters and stores, so stores the source of funding is relatively easy to solve, the franchise can quickly " cloning ".  2.2.2节约资金,有利于迅速扩张2.2.2 save money, is conducive to the rapid expansion of  连锁加盟模式中,和企业开始分支机构不同,无需总部投入资金租赁办公室、购买设备以及招聘员工,总部投入的是品牌、渠道、技术指导等无形资产,各地加盟商需要自己成立公司,自己招兵买马布置办公场地、租赁货场等。总之,总部需要投入的是无形资产,加盟商需要投入有形资产。两者是合作关系,不是隶属关系。Franchise mode, and enterprises begin to different branches, without headquarters investment office lease, purchase of equipment and the recruitment of staff, headquarters input is the brand, channel, technical guidance and other intangible assets, all joined the business needs to set up their own business, own recruit soldiers to buy office space, rental freight station layout. In short, headquarters need to invest is intangible assets, join
in business need into tangible assets. Both are the relations of cooperation, not subordinate relationship.  2.2.3加盟商乐于坐享其成2.2.3 franchisees to enjoy  三线城市因其经济发展的需要,越来越多的人开始希望走上经商的道路。对于很多人来说,经商都是毫无经验的,科创板规则发布这时候加盟的方式,就是他们最好的选择。通过加盟连锁的模式,加盟商就可以得到总部系统的管理培训和指导,大大降低了投资风险,提高了成功几率。美国邓恩和布兹特里信用分析公司多年来对破产企业进行了大量调查,结果表明,在破产企业中,几乎有90%是由于管理不善造成的。对于一个不成熟的物流加盟商来说,要想独自摸索出一套行之有效的物流管理方法,往往需要花费很长的时间和精力,但如果他们选择加盟一个有实力的、发展成熟的物流品牌,就可以立即得到总部的物流管理技巧、经营诀窍和先进的物流技术手段方面的培训。不必从头做起,可以少走许多弯路,创业风险自然降到最低,成功的机会将会大一大提高。The three line of the city because of the needs of their economic development, more and more people begin to hope to go on the road of business. For many people, business is no experience, this time joining the way, is their best choice. Through the franchise mode, the franchisee can get headquarters management system training and guidance, greatly reduce the investment risk, improve the chances of success. The United States D
unn and Buziteli credit analysis over the years the company bankrupt enterprises were investigated, results showed that, in the bankrupt enterprise, is almost 90% due to bad management. For a not mature logistics alliance business, must want alone to find out a set of effective methods of logistics management, often take a long time and effort, but if they choose to join a strong, mature logistics brand, you can immediately get headquarters logistics management skills, know-how and the advanced logistics technology training. Do not have to start from scratch, can avoid some detours, entrepreneurial risks to a minimum, the chance of success would be a big improvement.  因此,连锁加盟模式对于物流企业而言,能少投入成本,迅速组建服务网点、服务团队。对于各地加盟商而言,选择连锁加盟,风险小、少走弯路,背靠大树好乘凉。因此,连锁加盟模式对于物流企业开拓三线城市这个大市场,是投资少见效快的最好经营模式。Therefore, join the chain model for logistics enterprise, can reduce the investment cost, the quick formation of service outlets, service team. The franchisee, choice of franchise, small risk, less detours, backed by a good shade tree. Therefore, join the chain model for logistics enterprises to open up the market to three line city, is the best business model with less i
nvestment and quick return.  2.3物流发展规律的大势所趋2.3 rules represent the general trend of logistics development  从世界范围来看,物流业发达的国家,物流服务的发达与否,衡量标准之一就是网点覆盖网络范围。而我们国家的物流网点区域:从大城市逐渐向中小城市发展,只有不到十年的历史,我们应该清醒的认识到,规模化、规范化是现代物流必然的发展方向,中国也不会例外。很多企业,经历了创业度过了创业初期的艰难期,逐渐进入了发展期。但是往往发展期会遇到这样或那样的问题,尤其是企业在很多方面都已经进入了正轨,但是发展速度却未必能达到预期设想。这就是我们常说的企业发展遇到了瓶颈期。这是任何企业都可能遇到的情况,对于物流企业来说,如何修改wifi密码遭遇了发展瓶颈 期时,不应盲目投资或者转型,应该认真思考上诉问题。通过研究国内外很多企业的营销模式,我发现企业要想发展壮大,塑造品牌,不能单独传统的经验方式现在不行了,物流业的新技术、新科技的普及,要求物流企业所提供的物流服务必须提高技术水平,尤其是必须尽自己所能在最短的时间内占领更多的市场份额,在更多的土地上插入自己的旗帜。From the view of the world, the logistics industry in the developed countries, the logistics service is developed or not, the standard of one is the dot coverage network range. But the logistics network area of our country: from the big city gradually to the development of small and medium-sized city, less than ten years
of history, we should be aware of, scale, standardization of modern logistics is the inevitable direction of development, China is no exception. A lot of enterprises, has experienced venture through a difficult period poineering initial stage, gradually entered the period of development. But often the development period will encounter this or that problem, especially the enterprises in many aspects, has entered the track, but the pace of development is not be able to achieve the expected. This is what we often say that the development of enterprises encountered a bottleneck. This is all enterprises may meet, for logistics enterprises, encountered development bottleneck period, should not blindly invest or transformation, should seriously consider the issue of appeal. Through the research of many domestic and foreign enterprise marketing mode, I found that the enterprise wants to develop, create brand, experience can not separate the traditional now dying, new technology, new technology of the logistics industry popularity, demand of logistics enterprises provide the logistics services to improve the technical level, especially must do what we can to occupy more market share in the most short time, insert their own flags in more land.  另一方面,我们还处在资本积累阶段,少女时代素颜照对比而世界竞争己进入
资本、规模、规范和管理的综合比拼,任何一家企业再想靠自己利润的积累来完成做强做大已经是几乎不可能的事了。所以说做连锁是现代物流发展的大势所趋中秋节短语祝福,只有连锁发展才能真正实现规模化、产业化,才能构建高效率的物流节点网络体系,实现物流成本的有效节约,提高物流服务水平,进而增强加盟连锁物流节点的整体竞争力。On the other hand, we are still at the stage of capital accumulation, and the world competition has entered the comprehensive competition capital, scale, standardization and management, any one enterprise want to rely on their own profit accumulation to complete the stronger is almost impossible. So do the chain is represent the general trend of modern logistics development, only the development of chain to realize large-scale, industrialization, logistics network system to construct efficient, effectively save the cost of logistics, improve the logistics service level, and enhance the overall competitiveness of the chain logistics node.