初二现在完成时教案
一、知识梳理：
(一)、现在完成时
1.构成
现在完成时是由助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。
(1) 肯定句式: 现在完成时的肯定句式是―have（has）＋过去分词
We have just finished our homework．
(2) 否定句式：现在完成时的否定句式是―haven't（hasn't）＋过去分词
We have’n‗t studied Unit 2 yet
(3) 疑问句式: 现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。
Have you read this story book yet？
2.用法
-Have you had lunch yet?
-Yes,I have. I've just had it.
你(已经)吃午饭了吗？ 我刚刚吃过。(现在我不饿了)
(2)表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。
刘雅拉如：He has taught here since 1981
他自1981年就在这儿教书。(可能还要继续教)
I have't seen her for four years.
我有四年没见到她了。
(3)表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice,ever,never,three times等时间状语。
如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次
1.Tom______the CD player for two weeks.
A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had
解析：A、B、C均为非延续性动词，在肯定句中不与表"段时间"的短语连用，故选D
2. We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl.
A.know B.had known C.have known D. knew
解析：现在完成时时常与"for +时间段或since +过去时间点"连用(含从句，从句过去时)。
故应选C。
3.-______ you ___ your homework yet ?
-Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .
A.Did;do;finished B.Have;done;finished
C.Have;done;have finished D.will;do;finish
解析：现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系;现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作,它不与表示过去的时间状语(如yesterday,last week,a moment ago等)连用。故应选B。
4.Hurry up!The play __________ for ten minutes .
A.has begun B.had begun
C.has been on D.began
解析：现在完成时中,非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用,通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。故应为C
5.She’s _____________ (live) here ever since she was ten.（用时态填空）
解析：本题考查的是时态的运用，故应填lived / has been living
6.His father ______ the Party since 1978 .
A.joined B.has joined C. was in D.has been in
解析：现在完成时中,非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用,通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。故应选为D。
7. —______ my glasses?
—Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago.
A. Do you see B. Had you see C. Would you see D. Have you seen
解析： 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响.故应选D
（二）、 外研版八年级下册固定搭配和重点短语2
1. invite sb to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
2. think about 考虑
3. make up 编造
4. stop doing sth. 停止做某事
5. come with 和.......一起去
6. the first prize 一等奖
7. at the moment 此时，现在
8. so far 到目前为止
9. ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
10. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事
11. a fifteen-year-old boy 一个十五岁的男孩
12. one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数 最.......之一 刘诗诗多大
13. be different from 与.......不同
14. count down 倒数
15. send sb. to do sth . 把某人送去做某事
16. enter a competition 参加竞赛
17. write about 编写；写作
18. think about 考虑
19. travel around the world 环游世界
20. work for 效力于
21. for example 例如
22. look forward to doing sth./ sth. 期盼；期待
23. have a wonderful time 玩的开心
24. a pair of 一双
25. the rest of 剩余的
二、课堂练习：
1. 完形填空（本大题有10小题，每一题1分，共10分）
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。
A tramp (流浪汉) was sleeping on a park bench late at night. A man and a woman were walking
l . One of them tapped him 2 and asked, “ 3 . What's the time?” The tramp was very angry 4 . “I don't know!” he said angrily. “I haven't got a watch.” And he went back to sleep.
5 later another man was passing. He woke the tramp up and said, “I am sorry to bother you, but I 6 if you could tell me 7 .”
Again the tramp said he 8 . By now he was very fed up (厌烦之极地震自救常识) , so he got a pen and a piece of paper and wrote I DON'T KNOW WHAT THE TIME IS on it and went back to sleep.
Half an hour 9 , a policeman was passing. He 10 the sign, woke the tramp up and said, “It's 2:30, sir!”
5 later another man was passing. He woke the tramp up and said, “I am sorry to bother you, but I 6 if you could tell me 7 .”
Again the tramp said he 8 . By now he was very fed up (厌烦之极地震自救常识) , so he got a pen and a piece of paper and wrote I DON'T KNOW WHAT THE TIME IS on it and went back to sleep.
Half an hour 9 , a policeman was passing. He 10 the sign, woke the tramp up and said, “It's 2:30, sir!”
l. A. past B. passed
C. to pass D. passing
C. to pass D. passing
2. A. on his shoulder B. on the shoulder
C. to his shoulder D. to the shoulder
C. to his shoulder D. to the shoulder
3. A. Sorry B. Hello
C. Excuse me D. Pardon
C. Excuse me D. Pardon
关婷娜胸围照片泳装4. A. by being woken up B. to be woken up
C. at being woken up D. being woken up
C. at being woken up D. being woken up
5. A. Sometimes B. Sometime
C. Some times D. Some time
C. Some times D. Some time
6. A. know B. ask
C. wonder D. wait
C. wonder D. wait
7. A. what time is it B. what is the time
C. what time it is D. what was the time
C. what time it is D. what was the time
8. A. knew nothing B. didn't know
C. knew nobody 生日和建党节一天的生日寄语 D. didn't answer
C. knew nobody 生日和建党节一天的生日寄语 D. didn't answer
9. A. after B. late
C. past D. later
C. past D. later
10. A. read B. was reading
天冷加衣的温馨句子 C. reads D. reading
天冷加衣的温馨句子 C. reads D. reading
2.短文填空（本大题有10小题，每一题1.5分，共15分）
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