初中英语常考易混不定代词的用法
(1)some,any,something,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody,nobody,someone,anyone,no one用法7注意
①some,something,someone用于肯定句,any,anything,anyone用于疑问句和否定句,但在表示客气的请求、劝告、建议,并期望对方能给予一个肯定回答的疑问句中用some,something,some one而不用any,anything,anyone。如:
He gave me some good advice.他给我提了些好的建议。(some用于肯定句)
Did he give you any good advice?他给你提些好的建议了吗?(any用于疑问句)中秋节的好词好句精选
I have something to tell you.我有些事情要告诉你。(something用于肯定句)
我爱呼伦贝尔大草原Do you have anything to tell me?你有事情要告诉我吗?(anything用于疑问句)
Some one has stolen my dictionary.有人偷走了我的字典。(someone用于肯定句)
Did any one steal your dictionary?有人偷走了你的字典吗?(anyone用于疑问句)
Will you please give me 赵露思和吴磊是谈恋爱了吗some advice?请给我提些建议好吗?(some用于疑问句,表示请求)
Would you like some tea?来些茶好吗?(some在句中表示有礼貌的客气的建议)
Would you like something to drink?你想要些喝的吗?(something用于疑问句表示建议)
②any,anything,anybody,anyone有时也用于肯定句,但它表示“任何的、任何东西、任何人”的意思。如:张翰李菲儿
Any person can succeed through hard work.任何人通过努力工作都可以成功。
You can choose any one as your assistant.你可以选择任何人做你的助手。
③在条件状语从句中用any,anything,anybody,anyone而不用some,something,somebody,someone。如:
If any beast comes at you,I’快手段宏楠个人资料ll come and help you.如果有野兽向你扑来,我就会过来帮助你。
Please ask me if you have any questions.如果你有问题就请问我。
注意:
anyone与any one都表示任何人
①anyone用作代词,只能指人,意思是“任何人,有人”,等于anybody,不能与of短语连用。如:家里有人吗?
John is more diligent than anyone else in his class.约翰比班上其他的同学用功。
②any one是一个词组,既可以指人,也可以指物,意思是“任何一个人或任何一个物”,强调只限一个,可以和of短语连用,表示多数当中的任何一个。如:
You may choose any one of these.你可以从这些当中选择任何一个。
You can tell any one of us.你可以告诉我们当中的任何一个人。
④形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody,nobody等时,形容词要放在这些不定代词的后面。如:
I have something important to tell you.我有些重要的事情要告诉你。
Is there anything new in today’s newspaper?今天的报纸上有什么新的东西吗?
Nothing serious. I hope.我希望没什么要紧的。
⑤something,anything,nothing以及somebody,anybody,nobody等作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如:
Something is wrong with my bike.我的自行车出毛病了。
Nothing is difficult in the world if you work hard at it.只要你肯努力,世上没什么事情是困难的。
【歌诀巧记】
不定代词用法巧记:
不定代词不一般,修饰成分在后面,要是用来作主语,谓语动词是单三。
⑥nothing=not anything;nobody=not anybody。在进行同义句转换时常常考查这种形式。如:
There is nothing in the room.(改为同义句)
There isn't anything in the room.房间里什么也没有。
There is nobody listening to the music in the classroom.(改为同意句)
There isn’t anybody listening to the music in the classroom.教室里没有人在听音乐。
⑦none和no one都表示“没有一个”但用法有三点不同。
第1,none既可以指人,也可以指物,而no one只用来指人。如:
English is the first language in none of these countries.这些国家都不把英语作为第一语言(none表物,指“没有一个国家”,不能用no one)。
第2,none既可以表可数的人或事物,也可以表不可数的事物,表可数时,即可为单数概念,也可为复数概念,因此none作主语时,谓语动词既可以是单数形式也可以是复数形式,而no one只表单数可数概念,作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如:
But none of them were the right size.但没有一双尺寸合适。
No one has arrived yet.一个人都没有到。
天下第一关导游词第3,no one是泛指,其后不能与of短语连用;none是特指,有一定的范围,可以与of引起的的短语连用。如:
No one knows what they fought about.没有人知道他们为什么打仗。
None of them knew this.他们中没有人知道这件事。
注意:
none与数量有关,可以用来回答how many,表示“一个也没有”,而no one表示“什么人也没有”,可用来回答who。如:
—How many people went there?多少人去了那里?
—None.一个人也没有。
—Who was late today?今天谁迟到了?
—No one.谁也没有迟到。
(2)few,a few,little,a little用法4注意
①few,a few用来修饰可数名词,其后的名词一定是可数名词。如:
John is a new student. So he has few friends here.约翰是个新来的学生,所以他在这儿几乎没有朋友。
I’m going to buy a few apples.我要去买些苹果。。
②little,a little用来修饰不可数名词,其后的名词一定是不可数的。如:
There’s little ink in the pen.钢笔里几乎没有墨水了。
I have a little meat for lunch.我午饭吃了些肉。
③few和little是否定用法,意为“很少,几乎没有”,以little和few所构成的句子被视为否定句,因此在含有little和few的句子中,其反意疑问句的反意疑问词部分要用肯定式。如:
There is little ink in the bottle,is there?瓶子里几乎没墨水了,是不是?
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