英语英标全攻略
国际英标汇总表
国际音标（英语语音）
元音
单元音
前元音
[i:]
[i]
[æ]
[e]
中元音
[ʌ]
[ə:]
[ə]
学英语音标后元音
[u:]
[u]
[ɔ:]
[ɔ]
[a:]
双元音
开合双元音
[ei]
[ai]
[ɔi]
[əu]
[au]
集中双元音
[iə]
[εə]
[uə]
辅音
爆破音
清辅音
[p]
[t]
[k]
浊辅音
[b]
[d]
[g]
摩擦音
清辅音
[f]
[s]
[ʃ]
[θ]
[h]
浊辅音
[v]
[z]
[ʒ]
[ð]
破擦音
清辅音
[tʃ]
[tr]
[ts]
浊辅音
[dʒ]
[dr]
[dz]
鼻音
（浊辅音）
[m]
[n]
[ŋ]
舌则音
（浊辅音）
[l]
[r]
半元音
（浊辅音）
[w]
[j]
1． 元音
/i:/  E [i:]    green [ɡri:n]    see [si:]
/ i /  It [it]    big [biɡ]  little  ['litl]
/e/    bed [bed]    head [hed]  letter ['letə]
/æ/  apple ['æpl]  map [mæp]  cat [kæt]
/a:/  park [pɑ:k]  start [stɑ:t]  far [fɑ:]
/ɔ:/  door [dɔ:]  horse  [hɔ:s]  walk [wɔ:k]
/ɔ/    hot [hɔt]  watch [wɔtʃ]   body ['bɔdi]
/u:/  school [sku:l]   blue [blu:]   moon [mu:n]
/u/    book [buk]  good [ɡud]    look [luk]
/ ʌ /  mother ['mʌðə]  up [ʌp]  luck [lʌk]
/ə:/    bird [bə:d]    word [wə:d]    her [hə:]
/ə/    about [ə'baut]    later ['leitə]  mother ['mʌðə]
/ei/  A [ei]  day [dei]    late [leit]
/ai/  hi [hai]    night [nait]    like [laik]
/ɔi/  boy [bɔi]    soil [sɔil]    enjoy [in'dʒɔi]
/əu/  old [əuld]    most [məust]    hope [həup]
/au/  out [aut]    loud [laud]    how [hau]
/iə/  here [hiə]    near [niə]    idea [ai'diə]
/uə/  sure [ʃuə]    poor [puə]    tour [tuə]
/ɛə/  air [ɛə]    hair [hɛə]    wear [wɛə]
2. 辅音
(1).清辅音
/p/  picture ['piktʃə]    please [pli:z]    people ['pi:pl]
/ t/  take [teik]    today [tə'dei]    to [tu:]
/ k/  cake [keik]    kite [kait]    come [kʌm]
/f/  fine [fain]    fun [fʌn]    from [ frɔm]
/s/  six [siks]    kiss [kis]    say [sei]
/θ/  thank [θæŋk]    thing [θiŋ]    think [θiŋk]
/ʃ/  sure [ʃuə]    shop [ʃɔp]    ship [ʃip]
/tʃ/  chicken ['tʃikən]    child [tʃaild]    chip [tʃip]
/tr/  tree [tri:]    train [trein]    trade [treid]
/ts/  cats [kæts]    gets [ɡets]    lots [lɔts]
/ h/  hat [hæt]    have [hæv]    hello [he'ləu]
(2).浊辅音
/b/  boat [bəut]    big [biɡ]    boy [bɔi] 
/d/  dog [dɔɡ]    day [dei]    daddy ['dædi:]
/ɡ/  go [ɡəu]    good [ɡud]    glass [ɡlɑ:s]
/v/  very ['veri]    video ['vidiəu]    vase [ves]
/z/    zoo [zu:]    zero ['ziərəu]    clothes [kləuðz]
/ð/    them [ðem]    they [ðei]    father ['fɑ:ðə]
/ʒ/    television ['teli,viʒən]    pleasure ['pleʒə]    measure ['meʒə]
/dʒ/  job [dʒɔb]    jeep [dʒi:p]    change [tʃeindʒ]
/dr/  dress [dres]    dream [dri:m]    drop [drɔp]
/dz/  reads [ri:dz]    cards [kɑ:dz]    birds [bə:dz]
/ l/    life [laif]    little ['litl]    leave [li:v]
/m/  my [mai]    many ['meni]    may [mei]
/n/    no [nəu]    not [nɔt]    know [nəu]
/ŋ/    bring [briŋ]    think [θiŋk]    going ['gəʊɪŋ]
/ j/    yes [jes]    yellow ['jeləu]    yesterday ['jestədi]
/ w/  window ['windəu]    what [wɔt]    will [wil]
/ r/    red [red]    read [ri:d]    remember [ri'membə]
下面每一组发音都有相似之处，请你务必区分清楚：
第一组：[i:]与[i]
[i:]是个长音，靠口腔发出，发声处靠前，口型很扁，嘴唇向两边张开成微笑状。
[i]是个短音，靠喉咙发出，发声处靠后，口型略窄，发这个音时，要短促有力。
This is a sheep. These are ships. 
第二组：[e]、[æ]与[ei]
这三个元音很容易混淆，所以放在一组，以帮助学习者发好这三个音。
发[e]时舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起。嘴不要张太大，上下齿间距离宁可偏小。
发[æ]时，嘴要张开、张大，而且尽量放宽，刚开始练习时可以夸张一点。
发[ei]时口形由[e]向[i]滑动。发音过程中下颚向上合拢，舌位也随之稍稍抬高。练习时，可以先发[e]音，然后再过渡到[i]音，反复练习就可以发好这个音了。
He is very happy to receive a letter.
Tom is planning to take the cake back home.
He makes his bed before breakfast every day.
第三组：[ɜ:]与[ə]
这两个发音在口的中间位置完成。舌侧触及牙齿，舌的中间部位向下靠近下颚。舌片及舌尖卷曲使得尾音r化。[[:]是个长音，是由口腔发出来的。[[]是个短音，由喉咙发出，非常短促。
My father works very hard.
The mother asks the little girl to buy some sugar.
My sister prefers a purple skirt to a blue one.
第四组：[ɑ:]、[ʌ]、[ɔ:]与[ɔ]
[ɑ:]是个长音，发音时，舌头置于口腔底部，口腔完全张开，但不成圆形。这是音标中所需口型最大的开音节。发音是停顿稍长。
发[ʌ]音时，嘴巴稍张，嘴形比[ɑ:]小，发音听起来短促、含糊。
与前面两个音相比，[ɔ:]与[ɔ]的嘴形一定要圆。其中，发[ɔ:]时，双唇要收得更圆要小，并须用力向前突出。这个音是由嘴巴发出来的。[ɔ]是个短音，通过喉咙发出。练习时，你可以夸张一点，尽量模仿公鸡打鸣的声音，这样你可以发好这个音了。[ɔ]音听起来短促、含糊。
Well begun is half done.  You can drive a car to for lunch.  He is telling a story about a dog.  I buy a cup in this shop.
第五组：[ʊ:]与[ʊ]
发长音[ʊ:]要将舌根抬起并绷紧，舌尖离开下齿。嘴唇呈圆形，双唇收圆，稍向前突出。
发短音[ʊ]的舌位比发长音的[U:]低，舌头放松，嘴唇略圆以避免将它发成中元音[[]。
请减速：
Don't be rude; it's made of wool.
He put the cool picture into the pool.
This is a very good book about rooms.
第六组：[ai]、[ɔi]、[eɪ]、 [aʊ]、[əʊ]、[ɪə]、[eə]、[ʊə]