阅读理解解题指导
阅读理解历来都是高考英语试卷中难度最大、区分度最高的题型，它要求考生理解文章的主旨和要义；理解文中的具体信息；根据上下文推断生词的词义；理解文章的基本结构；理解作者的意图、观点和态度等。下面我们来探讨一下高考阅读理解的解题思路。
阅读理解----【细节理解题】
细节理解题主要考查考生对阅读材料中某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解能力。它的设题方式主要有以下两种：
1. 以what, who, which, when, where, why, how等特殊疑问句的方式来提问，针对文章中的具体事物、人物、时间、地点、原因(目的)、方式等来设问考查。解这类题时，大家可以带着问
题去阅读文章，最后采用“对号入座”的办法，把原文信息跟后面的题目对照，最后确定出正确答案。如:
真题摘选【1】(2013 江苏卷D篇)
I say clever because anti-slavery fiction had been the important part of the literature in the years before the Civil War. H. B. Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin is only the most famous example. These early stories dealt directly with slavery. With minor exceptions, Twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely. He drew his readers into the argument by drawing them into the story.
65. How do Twain’s novels on slavery differ from Stowe’s?
A. Twain was more willing to deal with racism.
B. Twain’s attack on racism was much less open.
C. Twain’s themes seemed to agree with plots.
D. Twain was openly concerned with racism.
解析：根据文中信息，Stowe的小说正面抨击奴隶制问题，而马克•吐温则通过故事来抨击奴隶制和种族歧视，可见马克•吐温对种族歧视的抨击不那么公开。
【实战演练】阅读理解
Part of a research study，by scientists at McMaster university，which is ongoing into the influence of drinking milk after heavy weightlifting，has observed that milk helps exercisers burn more fat.
The scientists took three groups of young men 18 to 30 years of age,56 in total，and put them through a strict，fivedayperweek weightlifting program over a 12week period.Following their workouts，study participants drank either two cups of skim milk (脱脂奶)，or a soy beverage with equivalent amounts of protein and energy，or a carbohydrate beverage (碳酸饮料) with an equivalent amount of energy.
Upon the study’s conclusion，scientists observed that：the milk drinking group had lost ne
arly twice as much fat—two pounds—as those in the carbohydrate beverage group，who lost one pound of fat.Those drinking soy lost no fat.At the same time，the gain in muscle was much greater among the milk drinkers than either the soy or carbohydrate beverage participants.
As published in the first stage of the study，the milk drinking group came out on top in terms of muscle gain with an estimated 40 percent or 2.5 pounds more muscle mass than the soy beverage drinkers.In addition，this group gained 63 percent or 3.3 pounds more muscle mass than the carbohydrate beverage drinkers.
“I think the evidence is beginning to increase，”says Stuart Phillips—the leader of the study.“Milk may be best known for its calcium (钙) content in supporting bone health，but our research，and later others’，can continually support milk’s ability to aid in muscle growth and also promote body fat loss.Milk is the ideal postworkout drink for recreational exercisers and athletes alike.”
1．According to the study，which is the best drink for exercisers to lose weight?
A．Fruit juice. B．Soy beverage.
C．Skim milk. D．Carbohydrate beverage.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段可知。
答案： C
2．From the passage we can learn that milk has a good effect on all of the following EXCEPT________.
A．muscle gain B．brain development
C．bone health D．fat loss
解析： 细节理解题。根据前三段可知，牛奶可以gain muscle和lose fat，故A、D正确；根据最后一段中的“Milk may be best known for its calicium content in supporting bone health”可知C也正确，所以答案为B。
答案： B
3．According to the passage，we can know that________.
A．the scientists chose people aged 18,30 and 56 as participants of the research
B．the weightlifting program which study participants attended was 84 days in total
C．people who drink milk every day are always healthier and thinner than others
D．soy beverages are better than carbohydrate beverages for exercisers to gain muscle
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The scientists book three groups of young men 18 to 30 years of age,56 in total，”可知A错误；根据第二段中的“put them through a strict，fivedayperweek weightlifting program over a 12week period.”可知B错误；文章提到喝牛奶可以gain muscle和lose fat，但是并没有提到每天喝牛奶的人会比其他人健康、苗条，故C也错误。
答案： D
4．What does Philips want to tell us?
A．More evidence is needed to strengthen their research.
B．Milk has more calcium than soy or carbohydrate beverages.
C．The calcium in milk can also help gain muscle and lose fat.
D．Athletes should be forbidden to drink other beverages except milk.
解析： 细节理解题。由“...but our research，and later others’，can continually support milk’s ability to aid in muscle growth and also promote body fat loss.”可知答案。
答案： A
5．What does the passage mainly talk about?
2015年江苏高考A．What exercisers should do to lose weight.
B．How milk influences people’s health and figure.
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