称谓英文名称大全 中英文词语对照
校长(大学)president of Beijing University
校长(中小学)principal/headmaster of Donghai Middle School
院长(大学下属)dean of the Graduate School
系主任(大学学院下属)chair/chairman of the English Department
会长/主席(学/协会)president of the Student Union, Shanghai University
厂长(企业)director of the Machine Tools Manufacturing Plant
院长(医院)director of Huandong Hospital
主任(中心)director of the Business Center
主任(行政)director of Foreign Affairs Office
行长(银行)president of the Bank for International Settlements
董事长(企业)chairman of the Board of Directors
董事长(学校)Chairmen of the Board of Trustees
首席长官的汉语称谓以“总……”表示,而表示首席长官的英语称谓语则常带有chief, general, head, managing 这类词,因此当翻译冠以“总”字的头衔时,需遵循英语头衔的表达习惯:
总书记general secretary
总工程师chief engineer
总会计师chief accountant
总建筑师chief architect
总编辑chief editor; editor-in-chief; managing editor
总出纳chief cashier; general cashier
总裁判chief referee
总经理general manager; managing director; executive head
总代理general agent
总教练head coach
总导演head director
总干事secretary-general; commissioner
总指挥commander-in-chief; generalissimo
总领事consul-general
总监chief inspector; inspector-general; chief impresario
总厨head cook;chef
有些部门或机构的首长或主管的英译,可以一些通用的头衔词表示,例如下列机构的负责人可以用director, head, 或chief来表示:
司(部属)department
厅(省属)department
署(省属)office (行署为 administrative office)
局bureau
所institute
处division
科section
股section
室office
教研室program/section
例:局长director of the bureau, head of the bureau, bureau chief
国务院the State Council 属下的部为ministry, 所以部长叫做minister。另外,公署专员叫做 commissioner, 其办事机构叫做“专员公署”,英语为prefectural commissioner’s office.
汉语中表示副职的头衔一般都冠以“副”字,英译时需视词语的固定搭配或表达习惯等情况,可选择vice, associate, assistant, deputy 等词。相对而言,vice 使用面较广,例如:
副总统(或大学副校长等)vice president
副主席(或系副主任等)vice chairman
副总理vice premier
副部长vice minister
副省长 vice governor
副领事 vice consul
副校长(中小学)vice principal
行政职务的副职头衔与学术头衔的“副”职称往往用不同的词表示,最为常用的英语词是associate, 例如:
副教授associate professor
研究员associate research fellow
副主编associate managing editor
副审编associate senior editor
副审判长associate judge
副研究馆员associate research fellow of…(e.g., library science)
副译审associate senior translator
副主任医师associate senior doctor
当然,有些英语职位头衔,如 manager和 headmaster, 其副职头衔可冠以assistant, 例如:
副总经理assistant/deputy general manager, assistant/deputy managing director
大堂副理(宾馆)assistant manager
副校长(中小学)assistant headmaster
以director 表示职位的副职常以deputy director表示。此外,secretary, mayor, dean等头衔的副职也可冠以deputy, 例如:
副秘书长deputy secretary-general
副书记deputy secretary
副市长deputy mayor
副院长deputy dean
学术头衔系列除了含“正”、“副”级别的高级职称和中级职称外,还有初级职称如“助理”,“助理”常用assistant来表示,例如:
助理教授assistant professor
助理研究员assistant research fellow
助理工程师assistant engineer
助理编辑assistant editor
助理馆员assistant research fellow of …(e.g., library science)
助理教练assistant coach
助理农艺师assistant agronomist
还有一些行业职称头衔,其高级职称不用“正”或“副”表示,而直接用“高级”来表示,我们可以用senior来称呼,例如:
高级编辑senior editor
高级工程师senior engineer
高级记者senior reporter
高级讲师senior lecturer
高级教师senior teacher
高级农艺师senior agronomist
我国有一些常见的荣誉称号(honorary title)在许多英语国家没有对应的表达语,现列举部分英译供参考:
标兵pacemaker
学习标兵student pacemaker; model student
劳动模范model worker
模范教师model teacher
优秀教师excellent teacher
优秀员工outstanding employee; employee of the month/year
青年标兵model youth/youth pacemaker
青年突击手youth shock worker
三好学生 “triple-A” outstanding student
三八妇女红旗手 “March 8th Red Banner” outstanding woman pacemaker
有些头衔含诸如“代理”、“常务”、“执行”、“名誉”这类称谓语,例如:
一般来说,“代理”可译作acting, 例如:
代理市长acting mayor
代理总理acting premier
代理主任acting director
“常务”可以用managing表示,例如:
常务理事managing director
常务副校长managing vice president (亦可译作first vice president)
“执行”可译作executive,例如:
执行主任executive director
执行秘书executive secretary
执行主席executive chairman (也可译作presiding chairman)
“名誉”译为honorary,例如:
名誉校长honorary president/principal
名誉主席/会长honorary chairman/president(
也可用emeritus表示,如emeritus chairman/president
有些职称或职务带有“主任”、“主治”、“特级”、“特派”、“特约”等头衔,英译不尽相同,例如:
主任编辑associate senior editor
主任秘书chief secretary
主任医师senior doctor
主任护师senior nurse
主治医师attending/chief doctor; physician; consultant
特级教师special-grade senior teacher
特派记者accredited correspondent
特派员/专员commissioner
特约编辑contributing editor
特约记者special correspondent
[中英文对照]职衔职称
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立法机关 LEGISLATURE
中华人民共和国主席/副主席 President/Vice President, the People’s Republic of China
全国人大委员长/副委员长 Chairman/Vice Chairman, National People’s Congress
秘书长 Secretary-General
主任委员 Chairman
委员 Member
(地方人大)主任 Chairman, Local People’s Congress
人大代表 Deputy to the People’s Congress
政府机构 GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION
国务院总理 Premier, State Council
国务委员 State Councilor
秘书长 Secretary-General
(国务院各委员会)主任 Minister in Charge of Commission for
(国务院各部)部长 Minister
部长助理 Assistant Minister
司长 Director
局长 Director
省长 Governor
常务副省长 Executive Vice Governor
自治区人民政府主席 Chairman, Autonomous Regional People’s Government
地区专员 Commissioner, prefecture
香港特别行政区行政长官 Chief Executive, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 头衔名称
市长/副市长 Mayor/Vice Mayor
区长 Chief Executive, District Government
县长 Chief Executive, County Government
乡镇长 Chief Executive, Township Government
秘书长 Secretary-General
办公厅主任 Director, General Office
(部委办)主任 Director
处长/副处长 Division Chief/Deputy Division Chief
科长/股长 Section Chief
科员 Clerk/Officer
发言人 Spokesman
顾问 Adviser
参事 Counselor
巡视员 Inspector/Monitor
特派员 Commissioner
外交官衔 DIPLOMATIC RANK
特命全权大使 Ambassador Extraordinary and plenipotentiary
公使 Minister
代办 Charge d’Affaires
临时代办 Charge d’Affaires ad Interim
参赞 Counselor
政务参赞 Political Counselor
商务参赞 Commercial Counselor
经济参赞 Economic Counselor
新闻文化参赞 Press and Cultural Counselor
公使衔参赞 Minister-Counselor
商务专员 Commercial Attaché
经济专员 Economic Attaché
文化专员 Cultural Attaché
商务代表 Trade Representative
一等秘书 First Secretary
武官 Military Attaché
档案秘书 Secretary-Archiv
ist
专员/随员 Attaché
总领事 Consul General
领事 Consul
司法、公证、公安 JUDICIARY,NOTARY AND PUBLIC SECURITY
人民法院院长 President, People’s Courts
人民法庭庭长 Chief Judge, People’s Tribunals
审判长 Chief Judge
审判员 Judge
书记 Clerk of the Court
法医 Legal Medical Expert
法警 Judicial Policeman
人民检察院检察长 Procurator-General, People’s procuratorates
监狱长 Warden
律师 Lawyer
公证员 Notary Public
总警监 Commissioner General
警监 Commissioner
警督 Supervisor
警司 Superintendent
警员 Constable
政党 POLITICAL PARTY
中共中央总书记 General Secretary, the CPC Central Committee
政治局常委 Member, Standing Committee of Political Bureau, the CPC Central Committee
政治局委员 Member, Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee
书记处书记 Member, secretariat of the CPC Central Committee
中央委员 Member, Central Committee
候补委员 Alternate Member
…省委/市委书记 Secretary,…Provincial/Municipal Committee of the CPC
党组书记 secretary, Party Leadership Group
社会团体 NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION
会长 President
主席 Chairman
名誉顾问 Honorary Adviser
理事长 President
理事 Trustee/Council Member
总干事 Director-General
总监 Director
工商金融 INDUSTRIAL, COMMERCIAL AND BANKING COMMUNITIES
名誉董事长 Honorary Chairman
董事长 Chairman
执行董事 Executive Director
总裁 President
总经理 General Manager; C.E.O(Chief Executive Officer)
经理 Manager
财务主管 Controller
公关部经理 PR Manager
营业部经理 Business Manager
销售部经理 Sales Manager
推销员 Salesman
采购员 Purchaser
导演
Director
演员
Actor
画师
Painter
指挥
Conductor
编导
Scenarist
录音师
Sound Engineer
舞蹈编剧
Choreographer
美术师
Artist
制片人
Producer
剪辑导演
Montage Director
配音演员
Dubber
摄影师
Cameraman
化装师
Make-up Artist
舞台监督
Stage Manager
售货员
Sales Clerk
领班
Captain
经纪人
Broker
高级经济师
Senior Economist
高级会计师
Senior Accountant
注册会计师
Certified Public Accountant
出纳员
Cashier
审计署审计长
Auditor-General, Auditing Administration
审计师
Senior Auditor
审计员
Auditing Clerk
统计师
Statistician
统计员
Statistical Clerk
厂长
factory Managing Director
车间主任
Workshop Manager
工段长
Section Chief
作业班长
Foreman
仓库管理员
Storekeeper
教授级高级工程师
Professor of Engineering
高级工程师
Senior Engineer
技师
Technician
建筑师
Architect
设计师
Designer
机械师
Mechanic
化验员
Chemical Analyst
质检员
Quali
ty Inspector
高级农业师
Senior Agronomist
农业师
Agronomist
助理农业师
Assistant Agronomist
农业技术员
Agricultural Technician
中国科学院院长
President, Chinese Academy of Sciences
主席团执行主席
Executive Chairman
科学院院长
President(Academies)
学部主任
Division Chairman
院士
Academician
大学校长
President, University
中学校长
Principal, Secondary School
小学校长
Headmaster, Primary School
学院院长
Dean of College
校董事会董事
Trustee, Board of Trustees
教务主任
Dean of Studies
总务长
Dean of General Affairs
注册主管
Registrar
系主任
Director of Department/Dean of the Faculty
客座教授
Visiting Professor
交换教授
Exchange Professor
名誉教授
Honorary Professor
班主任
Class Adviser
特级教师
Teacher of Special Grade
研究所所长
Director, Research Institute
研究员
Professor
副研究员
Associate Professor
助理研究员
Research Associate
研究实习员
Research Assistant
高级实验师
Senior Experimentalist
实验师
Experimentalist
助理实验师
Assistant Experimentalist
实验员
Laboratory Technician
教授
Professor
副教授
Associate Professor
讲师
Instructor/Lecturer
助教
Assistant
高级讲师
Senior Lecturer
讲师
Lecturer
助理讲师
Assistant Lecturer
教员
Teacher
指导教师
Instructor
主任医师(讲课)
Professor of Medicine
主任医师(医疗)
Professor of Treatment
儿科主任医师
Professor of Paediatrics
主治医师
Doctor-in-charge
外科主治医师
Surgeon-in-charge
内科主治医师
Physician-in-charge
眼科主治医师
Oculist-in-charge
妇科主治医师
Gynaecologist-in-charge
牙科主治医师
Dentist-in-charge
医师
Doctor
医士
Assistant Doctor
主任药师
Professor of Pharmacy
主管药师
Pharmacist-in-charge
药师
Pharmacist
药士
Assistant Pharmacist
主任护师
Professor of Nursing
主管护师
Nurse-in-charge
护师
Nurse Practitioner
护士
Nurse
主任技师
Senior Technologist
主管技师
Technologist-in-charge
技师
Technologist
技士
Technician
总编辑
Editor-in-chief
高级编辑
Full Senior Editor
主任编辑
Associate Senior Editor
编辑
Editor
助理编辑
Assistant Editor
高级记者
Full Senior Reporter
主任记者
Associate Senior Reporter
记者
Reporter
助理记者
Assistant Reporter
编审
Professor of Editorship
编辑
Editor
助理编辑
Assistant Editor
技术编辑
Technical Editor
技术设计员
Technical Designer
校对
Proofreader
译审
Professor of Translation
翻译
Translator/Interpreter
助理翻译
Assistant Translator/Interpreter
广播电视
RADIO AND TELEVISION
电台/电视台台长
Radio/TV Station Con