直击高考英语语法重难点系列 专题01 with的复合结构
咱们把学英语比作为修屋子：语法是屋子的框架，辞汇是屋子的砖瓦，高级辞汇和句型是屋子的装修。在这三者中语法是最基础的部份。学生只有把握了大体的语法才能灵活运用英语这种语言，只有能活用才会有能力的迁移。以下是按学习内容的难点、重点、考点和学生的易错点别离做的英语语法系列归纳。其特点是：开门见山直击考点。几乎涵盖了所有的重要考点，如此学生感觉学有所用，最终形成前后穿插、纵横交织、点面结合的立体知识结构图。
一、with的复合结构
本结构在试卷上显现的频率超级高，学好那个结构咱们能准确地进行答题、能更好地欣赏句子，同时也能让咱们的书面表达出彩。
with复合结构常有以下结构：
1. with + 宾语 + doing
With so many people communicating in English now, I find it very necessary to master it.
此刻有那么多的人用英语交流，我发觉把握英语很有必要。
2. with + 宾语 + done
With my room cleaned, I went to bed.
房间打扫了我就上床睡觉了。
3. with + 宾语 + to do
This is my first book, with the second to come out next year.
这是我的第一本书，第二本明年出版。
4. with + 宾语 + to be done
This is my first book, with the second to be published next year.
这是我的第一本书，第二本明年出版。
5. with + 宾语 + adj.
a. They left the office in a hurry, with the door open.
他们慌忙离开了办公室，门都开着。
b. He always sleeps with the windows halfopen .
他老是把窗户半开着睡觉。
6. with + 宾语 + adv.
With all the lights on, the city looks more beautiful.
在所有灯光的照耀下，这座城市显得更漂亮。
7. with + 宾语 +
He came in, with a basket on his back.
他进来了，背上背着一个篮子。
解析：从上面的结构看1) 第一要区分开在什么情形下用分词，什么情形下用不定式：若是表示do动作已发生或是常常性的就要用分词；若是do动作尚未发生就要用动词不定式。逻辑上的主谓关系用doing/to do,逻辑上的动宾关系用done/to be done.
a. With the boy leading (the way), we found her house very easily.
有那男孩带路，咱们很容易到了她的家。
b. With the teacher helping me, I made much progress.
有教师帮我，我取得了专门大的进步。
c. With the teacher to help me, I am sure I will also make progress.
有教师帮我，我相信我也能取得进步。
d . With his work finished, he spent his weekend playing football with his friends.
活干完了，他周末就和朋友一路踢足球。
e. With many problems settled, the manager went out for a tour.
许多问题解决了，领导出去玩了一趟。
2) 注意下面句子的区别
a. With many problems to be settled, the manager took more care of his employees.
有许多问题要解决，领导更关切他的职工。
b. With many problems to settle, the manager even couldn’t afford time to have dinner sometimes.
有许多问题要解决，领导有时乃至都抽不出时刻用饭。
c. The teacher said to the students:“With too many language points to be remembered, I am a little worried every day.”
教师对学生说：“有太多的语言点要记，我天天都有点担忧”
d. The students said to the teacher:“With too many language points to remember, we are a little worried every day.”
同窗们对教师说：“有太多的语言点要记，咱们天天都有点担忧”
e. With two more letters to write, he has to stop watching TV.
还有两封信要写，他不能不断止看电视。
f. With five windows to be cleaned, the teacher dismissed his class ahead of time for students to do general cleaning.
有五个窗户要擦，教师提早下课了让同窗们大扫除。
从上述例句能够看出：主语直接参与do动作用主动式to do,主语不参与do动作就用被动式to be done.
3）with + 宾语 + 介词短语的用法
例如：教师手里拿着书走进教室。→
a. The teacher came in, with a book in his hand.
b. The teacher came in, with a book in his hands.
c. The teacher came in, with books in his hand.
d. The teacher came in, with books in his hands.
a. The teacher came in, a book in his hand.
b. The teacher came in, a book in his hands.
c. The teacher came in, books in his hand.
d. The teacher came in, books in his hands.
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