whom引导的非限制性定语从句
whom引导的非限制性定语从句
非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用,缺少也不会影响全句的理解,它与主句往往用逗号隔开。定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。
whom引导的非限制性定语从句
关系代词whom用于指人,在句中作动词宾语和介词宾语,作介词宾语时,介词可位于句首。
如:Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris.
彼得现在回巴黎了,你在伦敦见过他。
Mr Smith,from whom I have learned a lot,is a famous scientist.
史密斯先生是一位著名的科学家,我从他那儿学了许多东西。
易错点
1. 引导限制性定语从句时,关系代词which可以与that互换;但引导非限制性定语从句时,只能用which。
例1.She heard a terrible noise, ______ frightened her.
A. that B. which C. what D. who
例2.She heard a terrible noise ______ frightened her.
A. that B. / C. what D. who
解析: 例1意为:“她听到一个可怕的声音,这使她感到恐惧。”that不能用于引导非限制性定语从句,故选B。例2意为:“她听到了一个使她恐惧的可怕声音。”引导修饰noise的限制性定语从句可以用which或that来引导,故选A。
2. 先行词为reason时,限制性定语可以用why或for which来引导;非限制性定语从句则只能用for which来引导。
例3.I had told them the reason, ______ I didn’t attend the meeting.
A. for which B. at which C. for whom D. why
例4I had told them the reason ______ I didn’t attend the meeting.
A. when B. which C. why D. for that
限制性从句解析: 例3意为:“我早已把理由告诉了他们,于是我没有出席会议。”先行词为reason时,非限制性定语从句应用for which引导,故选A。例4意为:“我已经把没有出席会议的.原因告诉了他们。”the 是常见搭配,答案为C。
3. 引导限制性定语从句的关系代词在从句中担任宾语时可以被省略;但引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词即使作宾语也不能省略。
例5.He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother,______ he loved and respected as his own mother.
A. as B. which C. / D. whom
解析: 本句意为:“他急于去医院看望他的继母,他像对待亲生母亲一样孝敬她。”关系代词
whom引导非限制性定语从句并作宾语,不能被省略,故选D。
4.引导限制性定语从句时并作从句宾语的关系代词whom可以用who来代替;但在非限制性定语从句中,whom就不能用who替换。
例6. Do you know Tom, _____ we talked about?
A. which B. that C. whom D. who
例7.The American journalist ______ the announcer mentioned in the news broadcast is said to have been killed by the gangsters. Which of the following is wrong?
A. who B. whom C. whose D. /
解析: 例6意为:“你认识汤姆吗? 我们谈到过他。”应选C。例7意为:“播音员在新闻广播中提到的那位美国记者据说已遭歹徒杀害。下列哪一项是错误的?”关系代词作mentioned的宾语且指人时,可用who/whom/that,在限制性定语从句中可省略,故C是错的。
5.当非限制性定语从句修饰整个主句时,其关系代词可以用as 和which,但位于举句首不
能用which,只能用as。此时非限制性定语从句可置于主句之前、之后或之中。
例8______ I expected, he didn’t believe me.
A. Which B. As C. That D. When
解析: 本句意为:“正如我所预料的那样,他不相信我的话。”非限制性定语从句修饰整个主句,应用as引导,故答案为B。
例9.Mary was late for school,______ often happened.
A. as B. for which C. that D. why
解析: 本句意为:“玛丽上学迟到了,这是常有的事。”根据句意,关系代词as引导的非限制性定语从句修饰前面的主句,其位置非常灵活,故答案为A。
6. 由“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句,关系代词指代整个主句时,不能用as,只能用which,因为有介词关系。
例10.He bought the car for more than $20,000,______ his father was angry.
A. about that B. with as C. when D. with which
解析: 本句意为:“他花两万多美元买了这辆车,他父亲对此很生气。”which位于介词with的后面,指代前面的主句,故答案为D。
注意事项
1. which引导的非限定性定语从句是用来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分。
2. as有时也可用作关系代词 。as引导非限制性定语从句,若as在从句中作主语,其引导的句子可以放在句首,也可以放在句中。但which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放句中。
例句:
As is reported in the newspaper ,some artistic treasures(艺术珍品) will be on show at the exhibition (展览品)on the weekend.
3. 在非限定性定语从句中,关系词不能用that,和those。
【whom引导的非限制性定语从句】