Advice to a Young Scientist
What I'm going to do is to just give a few notes, and this is from a book I'm preparing called "Letters to a Young Scientist." I'd thought it'd be appropriate to present it, on the basis that I have had extensive experience in teaching, counseling scientists across a broad array of fields. And you might like to hear some of the principles that I've developed in doing that teaching and counseling.什么时候感恩节
今天我想分享几个要点， 这些要点来自我正在写作的一本书《给一个年轻的科学家的信》。我想由我来谈还算合适， 因为我在许多领域有教育和辅导科学家的丰富经验。或许你想听听我在教育和辅导科学家的过程中总结出的一些原则。
So let me begin by urging you, particularly you on the youngsters' side, on this path you've chosen, to go as far as you can. The world needs you, badly. Humanity is now fully into the techno-scientific age. There is going to be no turning back.交通银行信用卡取现手续费
那么首先让我督促你们在自己所选择的道路上，走的尽可能的远一些，特别是对于年轻的你们来说。世界非常需要你们。 人类文明已完全进入技术科学时代， 这一趋势不可扭转。 
Although varying among disciplines -- say, astrophysics, molecular genetics, the immunology, the microbiology, the public health, to the new area of the human body as a symbiont, to public health, environmental science. Knowledge in medical science and science overall is doubling every 15 to 20 years. Technology is increasing at a comparable rate. Between them, the two already pervade, as most of you here seated realize, every dimension of human life.
虽然不同学科会有所不同——比如天体物理学、分子遗传学、 免疫学、微生物学、公共卫生学，以及将人体看作共生有机体的新的领域的学科、公共健康学、环境科学， 但是关于医疗科学和所有科学的知识， 每15到20年都会增加一倍。 科技发展的速度也是如此。 正如在座各位所知， 科学和科技在迅速发展的同时，已充满人类生活的各个角落。 
So swift is the velocity of the techno-scientific revolution, so startling in its countless twists and turns, that no one can predict its outcome even a decade from the present moment.
科学技术的进步速度是如此之快，其变化是如此令人应接不暇，以至没有人能够预测哪怕
只是十年后的情况 。
There will come a time, of course, when the exponential growth of discovery and knowledge, which actually began in the 1600s, has to peak and level off, but that's not going to matter to you. The revolution is going to continue for at least several more decades. It'll render the human condition radically different from what it is today. Traditional fields of study are going to continue to grow and in so doing, inevitably they will meet and create new disciplines.
当然总会有一天，这些从公元17世纪开始迅猛增长的发现和知识会到达顶峰并开始减缓，但是这和你关系并不大。因为这个革命至少会持续几十年，人们那时所处的环境也将会被改变到同现在大不一样。 传统的研究领域会持续增长，这将不可避免的相互交叉而产生新的学科。 2023年立春
婚礼请柬范文In time, all of science will come to be a continuum of description, an explanation of networks, of principles and laws. That's why you need not just be training in one specialty, but also acquire breadth in other fields, related to and even distant from your o
wn initial choice.
增长一段时间后，所有科学都将成为对原则和定律描述的连续体，成为一个对其所形成网络的解释。 所以你不应该只学习一门专业，而应该获取其它领域广博的知识。这些领域可能和你最初的选择很接近，但也可能相距甚远 。
Keep your eyes lifted and your head turning. The search for knowledge is in our genes. It was put there by our distant ancestors who spread across the world, and it's never going to be quenched. To understand and use it sanely, as a part of the civilization yet to evolve requires a vastly larger population of scientifically trained people like you. In education, medicine, law, diplomacy, government, business and the media that exist today.
睁大你的眼睛，探索你的周围。对知识的追寻就存在于我们的基因里。那是我们散布在世界各个角落的祖先遗留在我们的基因里的，这份热情永远不会停止。 由于人类的一部分文明还需要进化，为了理解并理智地使用知识，需要大量的像你们一样受到科技教育的人， 包括如今存在的教育、医学、法律、外交、 政府、商业和媒体。 
串签麻辣烫Our political leaders need at least a modest degree of scientific literacy, which most badly lack today -- no applause, please. It will be better for all if they prepare before entering office rather than learning on the job. Therefore you will do well to act on the side, no matter how far into the laboratory you may go, to serve as teachers during the span of your career.
我们的政治领袖至少需要一定程度的科学知识，但现在极其缺乏这样的领袖。 如果他们能在就职之前就做好这些准备，而不是边做边学，那么对于所有人来说都是有好处的。如此一来，在你的职业生涯当中，无论你钻研的深或浅，你都可以成为不错的老师。
I'll now proceed quickly, and before else, to a subject that is both a vital asset and a potential barrier to a scientific career. If you are a bit short in mathematical skills, don't worry. Many of the most successful scientists at work today are mathematically semi-literate.
现在我要切入到另一个话题， 这个话题对于科研生涯既是至关重要的资产，又是科学事业的潜在障碍。 如果你的数学能力不太强， 不用太过担心。 很多非常成功的科学家，他们
的数学能力都比较一般。 
A metaphor will serve here: Where elite mathematicians and statisticians and theorists often serve as architects in the expanding realm of science, the remaining large majority of basic applied scientists, including a large portion of those who could be said to be of the first rank, are the ones who map the terrain, they scout the frontiers, they cut the pathways, they raise the buildings along the way.