篇一：秦始皇兵马俑英文导游词
核酸报告手机上怎么查
秦始皇兵马俑英文导游词
EmperorQinShihuang’smausoleumandtheTerra-cottawarriorsandHorsesmuseum )hadYingashissurnameandzhengashisg ivenname.HenametothethroneoftheQinatage13,andtookthehelmofthestate ,hehadannexedthesixrivalprincipalitiesofQi,chu,Yan, Han,zhaoandwei,andestablishedthefirstfeudalempireinchina’shistory. ,whenheunifiedthewholecountry,Yingzhengstyledhimself emperor.HenamedhimselfShihuangdi,thefirstemperorinthehopethathislate rgenerationsbethesecond,thethirdeventheonehundredthandthousandthemp erorsinproperordertocarryonthehereditarysystem.Sincethen,thesupremefe udalrulersofchina’sdynastieshadcontinuedtocallthemselvesHuangdi,theemperor. afterhehadannexedtheothersixstates,EmperorQinShihuangabolishedtheenf eoffmentsystemandadoptedtheprefectureandcountysystem.Hestandardize dlegalcodes,writtenlanguag
e,track,currencies,weightsandmeasures.Toprot ectagainstharassmentbytheHunaristocrats.EmperorQinShihuangorderedth eGreatwallbebuilt.allthesemeasuresplayedanactiveroleineliminatingtheca
useofthestateofseparationanddivisionandstrengtheningtheunificationofthe wholecountryaswellaspromotionthedevelopmentofeconomyandculture.Th eyhadagreatanddeepinfluenceuponchina’s2,000yearoldfeudalsociety. EmperorQinShihuangorderedthebooksofvariousschoolsburnedexceptthos eoftheQindynasty’shistoryandculture,divinationandmedicinesinanattempttopushhisfeudalaut ocracyintheideologicalfield.asaresult,china’ver,heonceordered46
0scholarsbeburiedalive.Thoseeventswerelatercalledinhistory“theburningo fbooksandtheburyingofconfucianscholars.”
EmperorQinShihuang，forhisownpleasure,conscribedseveralhundredthousandconvictsandwentinf
orlarge-scaleconstructionandhadoversevenhundredpalacesbuiltintheGuan zhongPlain.Thesepalacesstretchedseveralhundredliandhesoughtpleasurefr omonepalacetotheother.oftennobodyknewwhereherangingtreasuresinsidet
纪亚文吴映洁
hetomb,wereenclosedalive.jiazhao
EmperorQinShihuang’smausoleumhasnotyetbeenexcavated.whatlookslikeinsidecouldnolybekno wnwhenitisopened.However,thethreepitsoftheterra-cottawarriotexcavated outsidetheeastgateoftheouterenclosureofthenecropoliscanmakeoneimagin ehowmagnificentandluxuriousthestructureofEmperorQinShihuang’smausoleumwas.
变形计李宏毅no.1Pitwasstumbleduponinmarch1974whenvillagersofXiyangVillageofYa nzhaitownship,Lintongcounty,sankawell1.5kmeastofthemausoleum.in197 6,no.2and3Pitswerefound20mnorthofno.1Pitrespectivelyafterthedrillingsu rvey.Theterra-cottawarriorsandhorsesarearrayedaccordingtotheQindynast ybattleformation,symbolizingthetroopskeepingvigilbesidethemausoleum. Thisdiscoveryarousedmuchinterestbothathomeandabroad.in1975,amuseu m,housingthesiteofno.1andcoveringanareaof16,300squaremeterswasbuilt withthepermissionoftheStatecouncil.Themuseumwasformallyopenedtopu bliconoct.1,thenationalday,1979.
no.1Pitis230meterslongfromeasttowest,62mwidefromnorthtosouthand5m deep,coveringatotalareaof1
4,260squaremeters.itisanearth-and-woodstruct ureintheshapeofatunnel.Therearefiveslopingentrancesontheeasternandwes ternsidesofthepitrespectively.Thepitisdividedintoelevencorridorsbyteneart henpartitionwalls,andthefloorsarepavedwithbricks.Thickrafterswereplace dontothewalls(butnowonecanonlyseetheirremains),whichwerecoveredwit hmatsandthenfinesoilandearth.ThebattleformationoftheQindynasty,facing east.intheeastendarearrayedthreelinesofterra-cottawarriors,70piecesineach ,totaling210pieces.Theyaresupposedtobethevanoftheformation.immediate lybehindthemare38columnsofinfantrymenalternatingwithwarchariotsinthe corridors,eachbeing180mlong.Theyareprobablythemainbodyoftheformati on.Thereisonelineofwarriorsintheleft,rightandwestendsrespectively,facing outwards.Theyareprobablytheflanksandtherear.Therearealtogeth
er27trialtrench,itisassumedthatmorethan6,000claywarriorsandhorsescould beunearthedfromno.1Pit.
no.2Pitsisabouthalfthesizeofno.1Pit,coveringabout6,000squaremetersTrail diggingsshowthisisacompositeformationofinfantry,cavalryandchariotsoldi ers,fromwhichroughlyover1,000claywarriors,and500chariotsandsaddledh orsescouldbeunearthed.Th
蒋易e2,000-year-oldwoodenchariotsarealreadyrotte n.Buttheirshafts,crossyokes,andwheels,etc.leftclearimpressionsontheearth bed.Thecopperpartsofthechariotsstillremain.Eachchariotispulledbyfourhor seswhichareoneandhalfmetershighandtwometreslong.accordingtotextualre search,theseclayhorsesweresculpturesafterthebreedintheareaofHexicorrid or.Thehorsesforthecavalrymenwerealreadysaddled,butwithnostirups. no.3Pitcoversanareaof520m2withonlyfourhorses,onechariotand68warrior w,no.2and3Pitsha vebeenrefilled,butvisitorscanseesomeclayfiguresandweaponsdisplayedint heexhibitionhallsinthemuseumthathadbeenunearthedfromthesetwopits.Th efloorsofbothno.1and2Pitswerecoveredwithalayerofsiltof15to20cmthick.i nthesepits,onecanseetracesofburntbeamseverywhere,somerelicswhichwer emostlybroken.analysisshowsthatthepitswereburneddownbyXiangYu,lead erofapeasantarmy.alloftheclaywarriorsinthethreepitsheldrealweaponsinthe irhandsandfaceeast,showingEmperorQinShihuang’sstrongdeterminationofwipingoutthesixstatesandunifyingthewholecountry .
Theheightoftheterra-cottawarriorsvariesfrom1.78m,theshortest,to1.97m,th etallest.Theylookhealthyandstrongandhavedifferentfacialexpressions.Prob ablytheyweresculptedbycraftsmenaccordingtorealsoldiersoftheQindynasy. Theyorganicallycombinedtheskillsofroundengraving,bas-reliefandlineare ngraving,andutilizedthesixtraditionalfolkcraftsofsculpturing,suchashand-moulding,sticking,cutting,paintingandsoon.Theclaymodelswerethenputin kilns,bakedandcolour-painted.astheterra-cottafigureshavebeebburntandha vegonethroughthenaturalprocessofdecay,wecan’tseetheiroriginalgorgeouscolours.However,mostoftheterra-cottafiguresbea rthetraceoftheoriginalcolours,andfewofthemarestillasbrightasnew.Theyare foundtobepaintedbymineraldyestuf
fsofvermilion,brightred,pinkdarkgreen,powdergreen,purple,blue,orange,bl ackandwhitecolours. Thousandsofrealweaponswereunearthedfromtheseterra-cottaarmypits,incl udingbroadknives,swords,spears,dagger-axes,halberds,bows,crossbowsan darrowheads.Theseweaponswereexquisitelymade.Someofthemearestillver ysharp,analysesshowthattheyaremadeofalloysofcopperandtin,containingm orethantenkindsofothermetals.Sincetheirsurfacesweretreatedwithchromiu m,theyareasbrightasnew,th
火影忍者晓成员oughburiedundergroundformorethan2,000years .ThisindicatesthatQindynasty’smetallurgicaltechnologyandweapon-manufacturingtechniquealreadyreac hedquiteahighlevel.