【2021·辽宁鞍山市·中考真题】—_____ useful advice on English learning Mr. Li gave us!
—I agree. I think we have improved our English with his help.
A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
【参考答案】A
【试题解析】句意:—李先生给我们提的关于英语学习的建议多么有用啊!—我同意。我认为我们在他的帮助下提高了我们的英语。考查感叹句。How+形容词或副词+主谓。本句强调的中心词是不可数名词advice,用“What+形容词+不可数名词+主谓!”句型表示,故选A。
此题易误选B,很多学生容易把advice当成是可数名词,且useful是以辅音音音素开头的单词,所以第一空很容易误填What a,其实advice是不可数名词,前不用冠词,useful是形容词,故前用what修饰。
感叹句的基本用法
用来表示说话人强烈的喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子,叫感叹句。感叹句由what或how引导,具体用法如下表:
类别 | 结构 | 例句 |
what引导 | What + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词(+ 主语 + 谓语)! | What a kind girl ( she is )! (她是)一个多么善良的女孩啊! |
What + 形容词 + 复数可数名词/不可数名词(+ 主语 + 谓语)! | What beautiful flowers ( they are)! 多么漂亮的花! What bad weather ( it is )! 多么糟糕的天气! | |
how引导 | How + 主语 + 谓语! | How time flies! 时间飞逝! |
How + 形容词/副词(+ 主语 + 谓语)! | How brave ( the hero is )!(这个英雄)真勇敢! How slowly he walks! 他走得多慢啊! | |
How + 形容词 + a/an + 单数可数名词(+ 主语 + 谓语)! | How clever ( a boy he is )! (他是)一个多么聪明的男孩啊! | |
【典例】
1.(2021·辽宁盘锦市·中考真题)Hi, Mom moved me to tears. _____ touching the movie was!
A.What a B.How a C.How D.What
【答案】C
【解析】句意:《你好,李焕英》感动得我哭了。这部电影多么感人呀!考查感叹句。此句是感叹句,中心词touching是形容词,用how引导的感叹句结构:how+形容词+主谓,故选C。
2.(2021·青海中考真题)—Yuan Longping, the father of hybrid rice, passed away on May 22.
—_____ sad news! His death is a huge loss for our country.
A.How B.What a C.What
【答案】C
【解析】句意:—袁隆平,杂交水稻之父,于5月22日去世。—多么令人悲痛的消息!他的死是我们国家的巨大损失。考查感叹句。本句修饰的中心词是不可数名词news,用“What+adj+不可数名词(+主谓)!”句型表示,故选C。
3.(2021·辽宁营口市·中考真题)—Look! The kids are playing on the playground.
—_____ great time they are having!
A.What B.How C.What a D.How a
【答案】C
【解析】句意:—看!孩子们正在操场上玩。—他们玩得多开心啊!考查感叹句。How +形容词或副词+主谓。句子中心词是time,短语have a good time,此处符合“What+a/an+adj+可数名词单数+主谓”的结构,应用what a引导感叹句,故选C。
陈述句改感叹句
陈述句变为感叹句时,常使用"一断二加三换位"的方法:
1. "一断",即在谓语后边断开,使句子分为两部分。
She is ‖ a beautiful girl. 她是一位美丽的姑娘。
He works ‖ hard. 他工作努力。
2. "二加",即如果第二部分为副词、形容词,就加上how;如果是一个名词(词组),就加上what。
She is ‖ (what) a beautiful girl.
He works ‖ (how) hard.
3. "三换位",即把第一部分与第二部分互换位置,同时把句号换为感叹号。
What a beautiful girl she is!
How hard he works!
【典例】
She is a hard-working student. (改为感叹句)
___________________________________________________________________________
【答案】What a hard-working student she is! /How hard-working she is!
【解析】感叹句有 和 两种结构,在该题中,如果用What,感叹部分为What a hard-working student;而如果用How,感叹部分则为How hard-working。
感叹句记忆口诀 感叹句,并不难,what与how应在前。 形容词、副词跟着how,what后面名词连。 名词若是可数单,前带冠词a或an。 主语、谓语放后面,省略它们也常见 |
It was because I was caught in the traffic jam ___________ I came to school late this morning.
A. which B. when C. what D. that
【参考答案】D
【试题解析】本题考查强调句。这是一个强调句型……结构,强调原因状语,故选D。句意:今天早上我来学习迟到是因为我陷于交通阻塞。
此题考查强调句型,It is/was+被强调部分+,判断强调句型的一个原则是,把It is/was和去掉,句子仍然是一个完整的句子,此句把It was和空处之后,剩下的为because I was caught in the traffic jam I came to school late this morning,仍然是一个完整的句子,故判断此题考查强调句型,故选D。
强调句型是一种特殊句式,用于表达说话任强烈的感情或意愿。强调就是使句中某一部分所包含的信息,通过某种手段比一般情况下显得更加重要。
1. 强调句的基本结构及用法十二月你好的句子
(1)基本句型: It is/was+被强调部分+
It is only by listening to and understanding each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.只有通过倾听和相互理解, 孩子和父母之间的问题才可能被解决。 (强调方式状语)
(2)一般疑问句形式: Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+其他?
Was it because he behaved badly that he was punished by this teacher?
是因为他表现太差而受到老师的惩罚吗?
(3)特殊疑问句形式: 特殊疑问词+is/was it+that+其他? ,特殊疑问词就是被强调部分。
When was it that he made up his mind to take this course? 他是什么时候决定选修这门课程的?
【易错警示】
当疑问句式的强调句出现在名词性从句中时,疑问句语序要变成陈述句语序。
He asked me who it was that took his umbrella by mistake. 他问我是谁错拿了他的雨伞。
I just wonder why it is that Mr. Black seldom mentions his childhood?
(4)强调句的反义疑问句
强调句的反义疑问句由that/who前的主句确定用isn’t it 或wasn’t it.
It is Mr. Smith who will come to give us a lecture tomorrow, isn’t it?
It was in the dining room that you lost your wallet , wasn’t it?
(4)含有 的强调句型: It is/was not until+被强调部分+
It was not until near the end of the letter that she mentioned her own plan. 直到信的末尾她才提到她自己的计划。
2. 强调句中it的应用
It在强调句中无实际意义,也不可以用that 或this替代。
3. 强调句中be动词的应用
若原句是现在时或将来时,be动词用is ;若原句为过去时,则be动词用was.另外,可视情况在be动词前加情态动词may, might, could , must等,表明说话人的语气。强调句的否定式在be动词后加not。
It is his determination rather than cleverness that has made him more and more successful.
It was in the village school that I finished my primary school.
It might be in the office that you left your keys.
It was not everyone that can do such a thing.
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