题型有：1. DICTATION
PART I DICTATION (15 MIN)Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minute
1． Fast Food Restaurants in the USA
正确答案： Fast Food Restaurants in the USA In the USA, there are many types of restaurants. / Fast food restaurants are very famous. / You can find McDonald’s and Kent
ucky Fried Chicken in many countries around the world. / You look at a menu above the counter, / and say what you’d like to eat. You pay the person who serves you. / You take your food and sit down or take it away. / There’s no need to leave a tip. In a coffee shop you sit at the counter or at a table. / You don’t wait for the waitress to show you where to sit. / She usually brings you coffee when you sit down. / You tell her what you’d like to eat and she brings it to you. You pay the cashier as you leave. / A diner is like a coffee shop but usually looks like a railway carriage. / In a family restaurant the atmosphere is casual, but the waitress shows you where to sit. / Often the waitress tells you her name, but you don’t need to tell her yours. / If you don’t eat everything, your waitress gives you a doggy bag to take your food home. / You add an extra fifteen percent to the bill as a tip. (175 words)
解析：这是一篇关于美国快餐店的短文。除了要注意容易拼错的词如“restaurant”，“waitress” “atmosphere”以外，还要注意两个陕餐店的名称的拼写，这两个快餐店大家都十分熟悉，但是真正细心去记这两个名称拼写的人可能不是很多。所以在此提醒各位考生，现在的社会文化交流很广泛，我们在生活当中会越来越多地接触到英美
的知名产品和商家，做个有心人，去记住这些产品和商家名称的拼写还是很有必要的。 知识模块：听写
2． Differences Between Television and Radio Announcers
正确答案： Differences Between Television and Radio Announcers When television first began to expand, / very few of the people who had become famous as radio announcers / were able to be equally effective on television. / Some of the difficulties they experienced / when they were trying to adjust themselves to the new medium were technical. / When working on radio, for example, they had become used to seeing on behalf of the listener. / This art of seeing for others means that the announcer has to be very good at talking. In the case of television, however, the announcer sees everything with the viewer. / His duty, therefore, is completely different. / He is there to make sure that the viewer does not miss any point of interest, / to help him focus on particular things, / and to help him understand the images on the television screen. / Unlike his radio colleague, he must know the value
of silence and how to use it at those moments / when the pictures speak for themselves. (157 words)
解析：本文讲述了电视播音员和广播电台播音员的区别。首先，要注意短文的时态。文章的前半部分是过去时，而后半部分是现在时。在听写过程中考生要注意根据自己的语法知识避免时态错误。其次，短文中生词较少，但有些句子较长，考生要特别注意对长句的理解。例如： “When television first began to expand，very few of the people who had become famous as radio announcers／were able to be equally effective on television．”电视发展初期，那些有名的广播电台播音员上了电视，但他们的表现却不尽如人意。 知识模块：听写
3． Empty Nest Syndrome
正确答案： Empty Nest Syndrome While income worry is a rather common problem of the aged, / loneliness is another problem that aged parents may face. / Of all the reasons
that explain their loneliness, a large geographical distance between parents and their children is the major one. / This phenomenon is commonly known as 四级听力练习“Empty Nest Syndrome”. In order to seek better chances outside their countries, / many young people have gone abroad, / leaving their parents behind with no clear idea of when they will return home. / Their parents spend countless lonely days and nights, taking care of themselves, / in the hope that someday their children will come back to stay with them. / The fact that most of these young people have gone to Europeanized or Americanized societies / makes it unlikely that they will hold as tightly to the value of duty / as they would have if they had not left their countries. / This geographical and cultural distance also prevents the grown-up children from providing response/ in time for their aged parents living by themselves. (167 words)
解析：本文讲述了“空巢综合症”这一社会现象。首先，考生要注意一些派生词，例如“loneliness”， “geographical”， “countless”， “Europeanized”，“Americanized”等。如果掌握了前后缀知识，这些单词就很容易写对了。其次，短文的句子较长，所以考生听写时要注意方法。初听时要尽量听懂全文的大意。记录句子时，要注意理清句子的结构，抓
住句型和关键词(主语和谓语)。 知识模块：听写
4． Vacation and Happiness
正确答案： Vacation and Happiness Vacations are a chance to take a break from work, / see the world and enjoy time with family. / But do they make you happier? / Researchers from the Netherlands set out to measure the effect that / vacations have on overall happiness and how long it lasts. / The study showed that the largest lift in happiness comes from the simple act of planning a vacation. / The effect of vacation anticipation lifted happiness for eight weeks. / After the vacation, happiness quickly dropped back to baseline levels for most people. /How much stress or relaxation a traveler experienced on the trip appeared to influence post-vacation happiness. One reason vacations don’t increase happiness / after the trip may have to do with the stress of returning to work. /And for some travelers, the holiday itself was stressful. / The study didn’t find any relationship between the length of the vacation and overall happiness. / Sin
ce most of the happiness boost comes from planning and anticipating a vacation, / the study suggests that people may get more out of several small trips a year than one big vacation. (178 words)
解析：本文讲述了旅行和陕乐的关系。旅行的烁主要来自于前期的盼望和准备。要注意短文中几个容易拼错的单词，“Netherlands”，“anticipation”，“rest-vacation”和“boost”。另外，考生可以根据评分方式，学会取舍。因为听写的评分不是根据写出的单词个数的多少而是以是否表达清楚原文的主要意思为依据的，然后以是否有小的错误，如单复数、大小写、定冠词等分层次扣分，也就是说，扣分有主要和次要信息之分，因此听的时候也要分清重点和非重点；另外，听写的全部内容根据意分成15分，每个意最多扣—分，如果在听的过程中有个别词或词组一下反应不出来，就不要苦苦纠缠某个单词，要跟着录音进行下一意的听写，避免个别词或句的错漏影响其他内容的听写。 知识模块：听写
5． Plants
正确答案： Plants Plants are very important living things. /Life could not go on if there were no plants. / This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight. / Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight. / Animals get their food by eating plants and other animals./ Therefore animals and man need plants in order to live. / This is why we find that there are so many plants around us. / If you look carefully at the plants around you, you will find that there are two kinds of plants: / flowering plants and non-flowering plants. / Flowering plants can make seeds. / The seeds are protected by the fruits. / But a few fruits have no seeds at all. / An example of a fruit without seeds is the banana fruit. / Most non-flowering plants do not grow from seeds. / They grow from spores. (150 words)
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