2.与一般过去时的区别? 一般过去时是过去某一特定时间你做的事情,你就是在描述你过去那时侯在干吗 现在完成时是从现在为起点,除了你可以从since,for中看出这是完成时以外,这个时态代表的是一个时间段中,她已经做了什么。另外这个时态强调的是对现在的影响,或者可以影响到现在的行为。
不规则动词的过去式和过去分词有些不一样,但也有不少是一样的。比如read,它的过去式和过去分词和动词原形是一样的,只是读音有所区别。 二、意义上的区别 动词的过去式和过去分词实际上都是用来描述一个“已经发生的行为”,区别只是着重点不同,过去式着重点在“行为本身”,相当于汉语的“~了”。过去分词着重点在“行为的结果或影响”,也就是说动词的过去分词主要是用于说明相当于汉语“已~”或“被~”这样的概念。 4.现在分词的构成? 规则动词的过去式和过去分词是一样,不规则动词的过去式、过去分词如下表
不规则动词过去式、过去分词表
(1) AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)
cost(花费)cost cost
cut(割) cut cut
hit(打) hit hit
hurt(伤害) hurt hurt
let(让) let let
put(放) put put
read(读) read read
(2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形)
beat(跳动) beat beaten
(3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形)
become(变成) became become
come(来) came come
run(跑) ran run
(4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)
dig(挖)miss a fei dug dug
get(得到) got got
hang(吊死) hanged hanged
hang(悬挂) hung hung
hold(抓住) held held
shine(照耀) shone shone
sit(坐) sat sat
win(赢) won won
meet(遇见) met met
keep(保持) kept kept sleep(睡) slept slept
sweep(扫) swept swept
feel(感觉) felt felt
smell(闻) smelt smelt leave(离开) left left
build(建设) built built lend(借出) lent lent
send (传送) sent sent
spend(花费) spent spent
lose(丢失) lost lost burn(燃烧) burnt burnt
learn(学习) learnt learnt sell(卖) sold sold
tell(告诉) told told
mean(意思)meant meant
catch(抓住)caught caught
teach(教) taught taught bring(带来)brought brought
fight (战斗) fought fought
buy(买) bought bought
think(想) thought thought
hear (听见)heard heard
say(说) said said
find(到) found found
have/has(有) had had
make(制造) made made
stand(站) stood stood
understand(明白)understood understood
现在完成时练习题
一、用since和for填空
1.______two years 2. _______two years ago
3. _______last month 4. _______ 1999
5._______yesterday 6._______ 4 o’clock
7. _______ 4 hours 8._____an hour ago
9. _______we were children 10._____ lunch time
11. _______she left here
12. He has lived in Nanjing_______the year before last.
13. I’ve known him ______ we were children.
14. Our teacher has studied Japanese ______ three years.
15. She has been away from the city ______ about ten years.
16. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city.
二、对划线部分提问
1) I have been there for two days.
__________ _________ __________ you __________ __________ ?
2) My father has lived here since 2000.
_________ _________ __________ your father _________ __________?
3) He left here yesterday.
_________ ________ he _________ __________?
4) They bought a book two hours ago.
__________ ___________ they __________ a book
三、用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。
A: Where ____________ Li Fei ___________?
B: He ____________ to Hainan Island.
A: How long ___________ he ___________ there?
B: He _____________ there for three days.
A: When will he come back , do you know?
B: I’m afraid he won’t come back recently.
A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?
B: Sorry, I _________ never ___________ there.
A: How many times ___________ Li Fei __________ to that place?
B: He _____________ there only once.
三. 用never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空
1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.
2. Jack has _________ finished his homework.
3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.
4. “Have you ________ seen the film?” “No, I have ________ seen it.”
5. “Has the bus left _______?” “Yes, it has _________ left.”
七. 用适当的时态填空:
1.She’s _____________ (live) here ever since she was ten.
2.Both of them ________________ (be) in Hongkong for ten days.
3.Both of them ____________ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.
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