《醉翁亭记》英文翻译
《醉翁亭记》英文翻译
Story of Old Tippler's Pavilion
Written by Ouyang Xiu(Song Dynasty)
环滁皆山也。其西南诸峰，林壑尤美。望之蔚然而深秀者，琅琊也。山行六七里，渐闻水声潺潺，而泄出于两峰之间者，酿泉也。峰回路转，有亭翼然临于泉上者，醉翁亭也。作亭者谁?山之僧智仙也。名之者谁?太守自谓也。太守与客来饮于此，饮少辄醉，而年又最高，故自号曰“醉翁”也。醉翁之意不在酒，在乎山水之间也。山水之乐，得之心而寓之酒也。
Chuzhou is surrounded by mountains， and all its peaks，trees and valleys at it's Southwestare especially beautiful. What looks very luxuriant in trees and grass, deep and quiet pretty inscenery is the Langya Mountain. Walking six to seven li in the mountain, people can graduallyhear the murmur of a running stream outflowing out between two peaks. It is the NiangSpring. Winding along the path of mountain ridges, people can find a pavilion close to thespring like the wings of birds.
It is Old Tipper's Pavilion. Who did it? He is Zhixian, the Buddhistmonk in the mountain. Who named it?
He is the prefecture chief by his alias. The prefecturechief coming here and drinking together with his visitors, he is always drunk after only drinkinga little and his age is the oldest in all. So he often called himself the Old Tippler. The OldTippler's delight does not reside in wine but in the mountains and waters. he
holds the joy ofmountains and waters in his heart and finds the expression to it in wine.
若夫日出而林霏开，云归而岩穴暝，晦明变化者，山间之朝暮也。野芳发而幽香，佳木秀而繁阴，风霜高洁，水落而石出者，山间之四时也。朝而往，暮而归，四时之景不同，而乐亦无穷也。
Concerning the mists in the trees go off at sunrise and the caves grow dark at sunset when theclouds return back under the sky, this is
the change from bright morning to gloomy evening inthe mountains. In spring, the wild flowers bloom and send out a faint fragrance. In summer,the fine trees are very beautiful, luxuriant and shading. In autumn, the wind blowing，thefrost condensing, the sky is high and clear. And In winter, water falls down and rocks appear.Those are the four seasons in the mountains. Climbing on mountain at morning and
turningdown at evening, the scenery of the four seasons are various and the joy is also endless.
负者歌于滁，行者休于树，前者呼，后者应，伛偻提携，往来而不绝者，滁人游也。临溪而渔，溪深而鱼肥；酿泉为酒，泉香而酒冽；山肴野蔌，杂然而前陈者，太守宴也。宴酣之乐，非丝非竹，射者中，弈者胜，觥筹交错，坐起而喧哗者，众宾欢也。苍然白发，颓乎其中者，太守醉也。
As carriers singing on the road and pedestrians resting under trees, the preceding peopleshouting and the following responding, the olds bending down and the children being held andwalking to and fro ceaselessly, they are the Chuzhou's people touring about. Fishing by thestream，the stream is deep and the fish are greasy. Making wine by
the spring water, thewater is fragrant and the wine is crystal-clear. Delicious dishes made by the mountainspecialities and the vegetables picked up from the wilderness put on the table in ajumble，that is a banquet which is held by the prefecture chief. The joy of the banquet anddrinking doesn't reside in the string and wind instruments but in hitting the bull's eyes insuccession, playing chess in victory and toasting with each other. Sometimes sitting down,sometimes standing up and sometimes uproarious talking and laughter, they are the guests ofthe banquet. However, who is the man with his grey hair and dropped down among all thepeople? He is the drunken prefecture chief himself.
已而夕阳在山，人影散乱，太守归而宾客从也。树林阴翳，鸣声上下，游人去而禽鸟乐也。然而禽鸟知山林之乐，而不知人之乐；人知从太守游而乐，而不知太
守之乐其乐也。醉能同其乐，醒能述其文者，太守也。太守谓谁?庐陵欧阳修也。
Thereafter, when the sun sets to the west in the mountain, people
and their images begin to liescattered. Then the prefecture chief begins to return and all his guests follow behind. The forestrestores to be shaded and the birds begin to sing and fly up and down. The tourists have goneand then the birds can joy. However, the birds only know the
joy of the mountains and trees,and they may be unaware of the people's joy. People only know the joy of their tour whenthey followed the prefecture chief, but they may be unaware of the prefecture chief's joy. Whocan enjoy together with all his guests and followings when he is drunk, and can state the storywhen he is sobered? He is the prefecture chief. Who is the prefecture chief. He is Ouyang Xinwho came from Luling.
《醉翁亭记》赏析
内容赏析
醉翁亭记翻译全文共四段，条理清楚，构思极为精巧。
此文第一段写醉翁亭之所在，并引出人和事。分五步突出醉翁亭。首先以“环滁皆山也”五字领起，将滁州的地理环境一笔勾出，点出醉翁亭座落在山之中。作者纵观滁州全貌，鸟瞰山怀抱之景。接着作者将“镜头”全景移向局部，先写“西南诸峰，林壑尤美”，醉翁亭座落在有最美的林壑的西南诸峰之中，视野集中到最佳处。再写琅琊山“蔚然而深秀”，点山“秀”，照应上文的“美”。又写酿泉，其名字透出了泉与酒的关系，好泉酿好酒，好酒叫人醉。“醉翁亭”的名字便暗中透出。然后写醉翁亭，“行六七里，峰回路转，有亭翼然”，照应上文“蔚然而深秀”，可看出醉翁亭座落在山清水秀的最佳位置上。为下文的活动安排了一个优美独特的背景。作者接着转向叙事抒情，用两个短句自问自答，道出亭的来历：“作之者谁?山之僧智仙也。名之者谁?太守自谓也。”同时点出“醉翁之意不在酒，在乎山水之间也。山水之乐，得之心而愚之酒也”。说明“醉翁”二字的深意，把景与情直接联系起来。这段层与层间过渡巧妙，由山而峰，由峰而泉，由泉而亭，由亭而人，由人而酒，由酒而醉翁，再由“醉翁之意不在酒”引出“山水之乐”这一全文的核心命意。句句相衔不着痕迹，给人完整的“山水之乐”印象。
第二段，分述山间朝暮四季的不同景。作者先用排偶句“日出而林霏开，云归而岩穴瞑”描绘出山间两幅对比鲜明的朝暮画面。接着用“野芳发而幽香，佳木秀而繁阴，风霜高洁，水落而石出者，山间之四时也”一句话概括了山间春、夏、秋、冬四季的不同风光，一季一幅画面。“朝而往”以下四句是小结，作者直接抒发了自己被美景陶醉的欢乐心情。“四时之景不同，而乐亦无穷也”，这是上一段总写“山水之乐”的具体化。这里用对偶句描写，散句收束，抑扬顿挫，音韵谐美。
第三段写滁人的游乐和太守的宴饮。此段描写由景物转移到人事上。先写滁人之游，描绘出一幅太平祥和的百姓游乐图。游乐场景映在太守的眼里，便多了一层政治清明的意味。接着写太守设宴，众兵宴饮之乐。宴席丰盛而充满野趣，众兵起坐喧哗，乐不可支。太守乐中酒酣而醉，此醉是为山水之乐而醉，更为能与吏民同乐而醉。体现太守与下属关系融洽，“政通人和”才能有这样的乐。
第四段，写宴会散、众人归的情景。“然而禽鸟知山林之乐，而不之人之乐；人知从太守游而乐，而不知太守之乐其乐也。”作者巧妙地用禽鸟之乐衬托游人之乐，又以游人之乐衬托太守之乐。但太守之乐与众不同，不是众人所能理解的。作者并没有袒露胸怀，只含蓄地说：“醉能同其乐，醒能述以文者，太守也。”此句与醉翁亭的名称、“醉翁之意不在酒，在乎山水之间”前后呼应，并与“滁人游”、“太守宴”、“众宾欢”、“太守醉”联成一条抒情的线索，曲折地表达了作者内心复杂的思想感情。
艺术手法
意境优美
好的散文应为诗，要创造优美的意境。所谓意境包含着意和境两个方面的范畴，它是浸润着作者主观感情的艺术画面。优秀的散文应该有风光绮丽的图画美，给读者独特的审美感受，以悦目而致赏心。《醉翁亭记》的思想意脉是一个“乐”字，“醉”中之乐，它像一根彩线联缀各幅画面。而“醉翁之意不在酒”，“在乎山水之间也”。放情林木，醉意山水，这是作者的真意。散文立意犹如设了张本，作者就根
据这样的“意”写了秀丽的“境”，从而达到情与景的交融，意与境的相谐。作者是从这样几方面濡笔，描绘散文境界的。
山水相映之美。在作者笔下，醉翁亭的远近左右是一张山水画。有山，有泉，有林，有亭，然而作者又没有孤立用墨，而是交织一体，既各尽其美，又多样统一。“蔚然而深秀的琅琊山，风光秀丽，迤俪连绵，苍翠欲滴。山作为背景，一圈环绕而过。林深路曲，泉流弯旋，则“有亭翼然临于泉上”。这样山与泉相依，泉与亭相衬，一幅画中山水亭台，构成诗一般的优美意境。
朝暮变化之美。“日出而林霏开，云归而岩穴暝，晦阴变化者，山间之朝暮也”。写出了醉翁亭早晚变化的优美景。由于早晚不同，则作者运笔的调、气氛有别。早晨有宁静之状，清新之息，傍晚则有昏暗之象，薄暮之气。作者对景变化的观察既深且细、笔触如丝，以不同的景象写出了相异的境界。
四季变幻之美。“野芳发而幽香，佳木秀而繁阴，风霜高洁，水落而石出者，山间只四时也”，描写了四季景物的变化。芳草萋萋，幽香扑鼻是春光；林木挺拔，枝繁叶茂是夏景；风声萧瑟，霜重铺路是秋；水瘦石枯，草木凋零是冬景。变化有致，给人不同的美学享受。四幅画面相互映衬，春光如海映衬了秋肃杀；夏日繁茂映衬了冬景寒洌。
动静对比之美。文中先说景物与景物之间的动静对比。蔚然壮秀的琅琊山是静态，潺潺流淌的酿泉水
是动态，山苍郁悦目，泉声琮琮动听，相映成趣。“树木阴翳，鸣声上下”，树木之境对比出百鸟啁啾之动，相得益彰。“已而夕阳在山，人影散乱，太守归而宾客从也”是景物与人物间的动静对比。“觥筹交错，起坐而喧哗者，众宾欢也。苍颜白发，颓然乎其间者，太守醉也”。以众宾喧哗之动，对比出太守颓然之静，生趣盎然。
结构精巧
金线串珠。《醉翁亭记》虽然时而山露布卷面，时而水流泻进画幅，时而人情喧于纸上，看似散，其实一点儿也不乱。首要的原因是作者手中有一根金线。这根金线就是作者的主观感受——“乐”，醉中之“乐”。正因为如此，文章的起、承、转、合，就无不统摄于作者主观感受和体验的波澜起伏。写山水，是抒发“得之心”的乐；写游人不绝路途，是表现人情之乐；写酿泉为酒，野肴铺席，觥筹交错，是表达“宴酣之乐”；写鸣声宛转，飞荡林间，是显示“禽鸟之乐”，更是为着表现太守自我陶醉的“游而乐”。欢于万物，乐在其中，全文因景生乐，因乐而
抒情，这样，行文走笔，一路写出，围绕个“乐”而展开，就不是断片的杂碎，而是统一的整体，犹如穿千颗珠玉缀在金线之中，收万道阳光凝于聚光镜上。也正因为有聚光点，有主骨架，文笔的散反而会转化成一种特，显得运笔从容，左右逢源，越是散越是丰满了散文的血肉，增添了散文的`生机，增强了散文的内容。
曲径通幽。《醉翁亭记》中有这样一句话：“峰回路转，有亭翼然。”借用这句话来形容这篇散文的结构特是很恰当的。作者写四时晨昏的不同景物，五光十的琅风貌，可谓匠心默运，苦意经营。作者为写出醉翁亭的位置，颇下一番心思，他不是径直言之，而是曲折写来。文章一开始敷设了五层笔墨，“环滁皆山”，一层;“西南诸峰”，一层；深秀“琅”，一层；潺潺泉水，一层;“有亭翼然”，一层。五层笔墨不是均衡用力，平分秋，而是层层烘染，步步进逼。先用大镜头、长镜头，然后推成小镜头、短镜头，最后跳成特写，不平不直，九曲回肠。先用概描，写滁州山景，大笔淋漓。下一“尤”字，文章迭进，带出“西南诸峰”。再着一“望”字，视线集中琅。用毕视觉，跟后就用听觉，“水声潺潺”，于是酿泉入画。尔后，用一“回”字，着一“转”字，醉翁亭才赫然在目，进入卷面。作者在用笔时，好像围野狩猎，逐渐圈小区域。这样不仅让人们了解到醉翁亭之所在，而且通过层层烘托，突出了它的美。如此描写，便使“亭”非比寻常；如此用笔，便使“文”不同凡响。再如文章结尾处，作者为了突出“太守之乐”，也是用的层层烘托的笔法。用禽鸟之乐，反衬众人之乐，再用众人之乐，反衬出太守之乐。这样，太守之乐就在众多的烘托下被推到峰颠，显示出主观感受和体验的高人一筹。
呼应有方。前有伏笔，后必照应；藏墨于首，显豁于尾，是《醉翁亭记》结构安排的第三个特点。文章一开始写道：“名之者谁?太守自谓也。”但太守又“名之者谁”暂按不表，埋下伏笔，催人卒读。直到文章刹尾处，才端示：“太守谓谁?庐陵欧阳修也。”奏到首尾相照之效。再如“太守乐”呼应了“山水之乐”，乐从山水来，太守乐就有了根据。“苍颜白发，颓然乎其间者，太守醉也”照应了“太守与客来饮于
此，饮少辄醉，而年又最高”，年事既高，又放情山水，太守醉就有了着落。又如“夕阳在山，人影散乱”，纷纷离去，是因为时令已晚，这便跟前文的“暮而归”又恰成照应，把这句话具体化了。处处注意呼应照应，就使文章的内在结构经纬分明，严谨周密。
语言出
《醉翁亭记》的语言极有特，格调清丽，遣词凝练，音节铿锵，臻于炉火纯青之境，既有图画美，又有音乐美。
其次，《醉翁亭记》的语言凝练精粹，晶莹润畅。这是作者善于观察事物，精辟地捕捉对象的本质特征并加以提炼的结果。例如写晨昏景象之异，只用两句就概括殆尽：“日出而林霏开，云归而岩穴暝。”林、岩、晨气、暮霭，均是山间习见之物，以此下笔，切景切境。同时，“出”“开”联属，“开”是“出”的后果。“归”“暝”联属，“归”是“暝”的前提。动词的出神入化，互为因果，使变化