题型有：1. DICTATION 2. LISTENING COMPREHENSION
PART I DICTATIONDirections: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.
听力原文：Travel BooksThere are three kinds of travel books. The first are those that give a personal, subjective account of travels which the author has actually made himself. If these books are informative and have a good index, they can be very useful to you when you are planning your travels. The second can be classified as selective guidebooks whose purpose is to give a purely objective description of things to be done and seen. The third ar
e those books which are called “a guide” to some place or other. They will give an analysis or an interpretation.
1．
正确答案：Travel BooksThere are three kinds of travel books. The first are those that give a personal, subjective account of travels which the author has actually made himself. If these books are informative and have a good index, they can be very useful to you when you are planning your travels. The second can be classified as selective guidebooks whose purpose is to give a purely objective description of things to be done and seen. The third are those books which are called “a guide” to some place or other. They will give an analysis or an interpretation. 涉及知识点：听力
PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION
SECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THRE
E WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.
听力原文：Closeness and Personal SpaceGood morning, everyone. Today, we’ll talk about closeness and personal space. Every culture has different levels of physical closeness appropriate to different types of relationship, and individuals learn these distances from the society in which they grew up. When someone violates an appropriate distance, people may feel uncomfortable or defensive. Their actions may well be open to misinterpretation.In Western society, four distances have been defined according to the relationship between the people involved. They are intimate distance, personal distance, social distance, and public distance. These four distances are associated with the four main types of relationship-- intimate, personal, social and public.Now we’ll talk about the four personal distances one by one.First, we’ll begin with intimate distance. Intimate distance ranges from close contact, such as touching, to 45cm. In British society, it tends to be seen as an inappropriate distance for public behaviour and entering the intimate space of another pers
on with whom you do not have a close relationship can be extremely disturbing.Next, let’s look at the second type of distance, personal distance, which ranges from 45cm to 1.2m. The far phase of personal distance is considered to be the most appropriate for people holding a conversation. At this distance it is easy to see the other person’s expressions and eye movements, as well as their overall body language. Handshaking can occur within the bounds of personal distance.OK, let’s move onto the third type of personal distance, social distance, which covers the range from 1.2m to 3.6m. This is the normal distance for impersonal business, for example working together in the same room or during social gatherings. Seating is also important; communication is far more likely to be considered as a formal relationship if the interaction is carried out across a desk. In addition, if the seating arrangements are such that one person appears to look down on another, an effect of domination may be created. At a social distance, speech needs to be louder and eye contact remains essential to communication, otherwise feedback will be reduced and the interaction may end.Finally, the last type of personal distance is public distance, which ranges from 3.7m to 4.5m. Teachers and public speakers address groups at a public distan
ce. At such distances exaggerated non-verbal communication is necessary for communication to be effective. Subtle facial expressions are lost at this distance, so clear hand gestures are often used as a substitute. Larger head movements are also typical of an experienced public speaker who is aware of changes in the way body language is perceived at longer distances.OK, today we’ve taken a brief look at the four personal distances associated with four main types of relationship. It is worth noting that these distances are considered the norm in Western society. Understanding these distances allows us to approach others in non-threatening and appropriate ways. We can understand how others feel about us, how they view the relationship and, if appropriate, adjust our behaviour accordingly.
Closeness and Personal Space1. Intimate distance■ Range: 【T1】______ to 45cm 【T1】______■ Inappropriate distance for 【T2】______ 【T2】______■ For people who aren’t intimate: extremely 【T3】______ 【T3】______2. Personal distance■ Range: 45cm to 1.2m■ Most appropriate for 【T4】______ 【T4】______■ Easy to see: expressions, eye movements, 【T5】______ 【T5】______3. Social distance■
Range: 1.2m to 3.6m■ Normal distance for 【T6】______ 【T6】______■ working together in the same room■ during 【T7】______【T7】______■ Essential to communication: louder speech and 【T8】______ 【T8】______4. Public distance■ Range: 3.7m to 4.5m■ Distance for teaching and 【T9】______ 【T9】______■ Exaggerated non-verbal communication is necessary■ 【T10】______ 【T10】______■ larger head movements
2． 【T1】
正确答案：close contact
3． 【T2】
正确答案：public behaviour
解析：本题考查对例子的理解。录音提到，在英国，亲密距离被看作是公共行为(public behaviour)的不恰当的距离。故本题填入public behaviour。 知识模块：听力
4． 【T3】
正确答案：disturbing
解析：本题考查对文意的理解及细节的捕捉。录音提到，对于没有亲密关系的人们，进入对方的亲密距离会令人极其不安(extremely disturbing)。故本题填入disturbing。 知识模块：听力
5． 【T4】
正确答案：holding a conversation／holding conversations／conversations
解析：本题考查对细节的捕捉。录音提到，个人距离(personal distance)最适合人们交谈(holding a conversation)。故本题填入holding a conversation或holding conversations或conversations皆可。 知识模块：听力 四级听力
6． 【T5】
正确答案：overall body language
解析：本题考查对细节的捕捉。录音提到，这个距离很容易看清楚对方的表情(expressions)，眼睛的动作(eye movements)，以及整体的身体语言(overall body language)。故本题填入overall body language。 知识模块：听力
7． 【T6】
正确答案：impersonal business
解析：本题考查对细节的捕捉。录音提到，这种社交距离(social distance)适合非个人业务(impersonal business)。故本题填入impersonal business。 知识模块：听力
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