专业英语四级（听写听力）模拟试卷205 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. DICTATION
PART I DICTATIONDirections: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.
1．
正确答案： Effects of Smoking For many years, scientists have warned / that smoking tobacco is bad for your health. / Yet people around the world continue to smoke. / It is estim四级听力
ated that almost five-million people around the world / die each year from the effects of smoking. / Smoking tobacco is the leading cause of lung disease. / And it also has been linked to heart disease, stroke and many kinds of cancer. / Scientists have identified more than 40 chemicals in tobacco smoke that cause cancer. / Experts say smoking affects not only the smoker but also the people who do not smoke. / For example, women who smoke during pregnancy / are more likely to have babies with health problems. / Besides, smokers may harm the health of family members / and people at work when they breathe out smoke from cigarettes. / There is no safe way to smoke. / The best is to stop smoking completely although it is not an easy job. /
解析： 吸烟的影响 多年来，科学家们一直警告吸烟有害健康。尽管如此，世界各地的人却仍继续抽烟。据估计全世界每年大约有五百万人死于抽烟的影响。吸食烟草是引发肺病的首要原因。而且它还跟心脏病、中风以及多种癌症有关。科学家们已在烟草中鉴别出40多种引发癌症的化学物质。专家表明吸烟不仅影响抽烟者，还影响那些不抽烟的人们。 知识模块：听写
2．
正确答案： Personal Loans A personal loan involves borrowing a lump sum from a lender / which you agree to pay back, with interest, over a fixed period. / There are two main types of personal loans: secured and unsecured. / Unsecured loans are not tied to any of your assets. / But secured loans are usually tied to your property. / If you default on a secured loan, / your lender can force you to sell the asset to pay off your debt. / Interest rates on loans can be fixed or variable. / A fixed rate will remain the same for the term of the loan, / while a variable rate will be subject to change. / Most loans are repaid in monthly instalments / usually over an agreed period. / The lender will tell you how much you need to pay each month / when it agrees the loan. / If you miss a payment the lender will record the default on your credit file. /
解析： 个人贷款 个人贷款涉及向贷方一次性借取一大笔资金，并答应在一个固定的时期内有息偿还。个人贷款主要有两种类型：抵押贷款和无抵押贷款。无抵押贷款不会将(欠款)与你的资产绑定。但是抵押贷款却经常跟你的财产绑定在一起。如果你过期未还抵押贷款，
贷方会强迫你变卖资产来偿还债务。贷款利率可以是固定的，也可以是浮动的。固定利率是指该笔贷款偿还期内的利率保持不变，而浮动利率则会随时改变。 知识模块：听写
3．
正确答案： American Education System The education system in the United States is controlled by state and local governments. / But education laws are similar in each state. / For example, in all 50 states and 6 territories, / all children must attend school from the age of 6 or 7 to the age of 16. / Public schools are free of charge for grades 1 through12. / Private schools also operate in all states and territories. / Some private schools are operated by churches and religious groups. / Other private schools are not linked to any religious organization. / Private schools must be approved by the state in which they operate. / Most private schools do not receive government money. / The parents of private school students pay the school. / The school year usually begins in September and continues until June. / Most states require a school year of 180 days. / Some schools have
changed this schedule / and require students to attend school throughout the year. /
解析： 美国的教育体系 美国教育系统由州政府和当地政府管理，但是每个州的教育法相差不大。公立学校从1年级至12年级免费。所有的州和地区都开办私立学校。有些私立学校由教堂和宗教团体经营，有些私立学校则跟宗教团体毫无瓜葛。学年通常9月份开始，持续到第二年6月。大部分州要求每学年为期180天。 知识模块：听写
4．
正确答案： Peace Symbols The concept of peace is a very important one in cultures all over the world. / There are certain symbols / which people in different cultures recognize as representing peace. / The dove has been a symbol of peace and innocence for long in many different cultures. / But it didn’t become a modern symbol of peace / until it was used on a poster for the World Peace Congress in 1949. / The rainbow is also an ancient and universal symbol, / often representing the connection between human beings and their god
s. / Nowadays it is used by many movements for peace and the environment, / representing the possibility of a better world in the future / and promising sunshine after the rain. / Another peace symbol is the olive branch. / But no one knows for sure when or why it began to symbolise peace. / Whatever the history, / the olive branch is a part of many modern flags symbolising peace and unity. /
解析： 和平象征 和平的概念在全世界所有文化中都十分重要。长久以来，鸽子在许多不同的文化中都是和平与清白的象征。但是直到1949年世界和平公会的海报上使用了这个形象以后，鸽子才成为现代和平的象征。彩虹也是一个古老的通用象征符号。如今它被许多维护和平与环境的运动用来象征世界将会更美好的可能。 知识模块：听写
5．
正确答案： Community Gardens UK residents have relied on community gardens / as an important source of food for many years. / And the contemporary community gardening
movement began in the late 1960s / with a renewed interest in green spaces in cities. / Today, the gardens come in all shapes and sizes. / They can be tiny plots, gardens on roofs and school gardens, private or open to the public. / Besides, the scope of what community gardens can achieve also varies widely. / They can provide fresh fruit and vegetables, a place for wildlife, improved play areas, / an outdoor classroom and safe public spaces that are well-maintained. / Moreover, community gardens often bring different cultures and generations together. / This helps to improve individual and community confidence / and bridge the divide between ethnic, political and socio-economic groups. / Since green space is increasingly harder to find in cities / and issues like sustainable development are always making the headlines, / community gardening will continue to have an important role to play. /
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