1.【2019江苏卷】What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _________a good time together.
A. had B. will have C. would have had D. had had
【答案】C句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光, 否则, 我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文, 可知是对过去事情的虚拟, 与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他, 主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他, 故选C。
2.【2019·天津卷】The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ____________ the task in half the time.
A. accomplished B. had accomplished C. would accomplish D. would have accomplished
2015年江苏高考【答案】D句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来, 否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。根据上句the workers were not better organized可知, 这是对过去事情的虚拟。与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他, 主句：主语+should(would, could, mi
ght)+现在完成时+其他, 故选D。
3.【2018江苏】It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission.
A. would B. should C. could D. might
【答案】B句意：真奇怪, 他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书。在句型”It is
important/necessary/strange/impossible/”中, 其中由that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气, 其中的should可以省略。故选B。点睛：本题考查虚拟语气。It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/ 主语从句多数情况下用虚拟语气, 表达一种要求、命令或者责备、建议或主观看法。但是如果只是表示陈述一个事实而不是强烈的感情, 完全可以用一般的陈述语气。试比较： It is strange that he had made a mistake.（陈述一个事实：他犯了错误让人有点奇怪。） It is strange that he (should) have made a mistake. （虚拟语气, 说话者是在责备他本不应该犯错。）
4.【2018江苏】There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I ___ a second chance t
o become more involved.
A. had B. will have C. would have had D. have had
【答案】A句意：在这个村里有很好的社交生活, 并且我希望我再有机会去更多的参与。本题考查wish引导的宾语从句, 表示与现在事实相反的愿望, 所以从句用一般过去时。故选A。
5.【2018北京】They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers.
A. drove B. would drive C. were to drive D. had driven
【答案】D句意：如果他们多开几公里的话, 他们也许会到一个更好的旅馆。由“they might have found a better hotel”可知, 该句是表示对过去的虚拟。if ____ a few more kilometers是条件句部分, 表示对过去的虚拟, 条件句部分要用过去完成时态, 故D选项正确。
6.【2018天津】If we ___________the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach
A. had caught B. caught C. have caught D. would catch
【答案】A句意：如果我们昨天赶上飞机的话, 现在我们正在海滩享受我们的假日了。根据时间状语yesterday可知, 从句表示与过去事实相反, 故用had + v-ed。故选A。
7.【2017北京卷】If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened.
A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put
【答案】A句意：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话, 这个事故就不会发生了。根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟,所以从句谓语用had done形式,此外根据句意可知是被动, 用被动语态, 故A项是正确的。
8.【2017江苏卷】 _______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it
【答案】B虚拟语气中, be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略, 同时把were/should/had提前, 即Were /Should/ , 故选B。在虚拟语气中, be动词只能用were；虚拟条件句省去连词if时, 从句主谓部分倒装：Were/Had/Should+主语+谓语动词...若条件从句为否定句, 否定词not应置于主语之后, 而不能与were, should, had 等缩略成Weren’t, Shouldn’t, Hadn’t置于句首。
9.【2017天津卷】—Do you have Betty’s phone number?
—Yes. Otherwise, I ______able to reach her yesterday.
A. hadn’t been B. wouldn’t have been C. weren’t D. wouldn’t be
【答案】B句意：——你有贝蒂的电话号码吗？——有。否则我昨天就联系不到她了。此处otherwise(否则)相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句, 由yesterday可知本句对过去进行虚拟, 由此可以判断出主句用wouldn’t have done, 故选B。
10.【2016北京】Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you ______ me, I could have helped.
A. told B. had told C. were to tell D. would tell
【答案】B根据句意, “你上周为什么没有告诉我你遇到麻烦”, 表示与过去的虚拟, 句型结构为if+主语+had done, 主语+would/could/might/should + have done, 故选B．
11.【2016江苏】If it for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.
A. had not been B. should not be C. were not to be D. should not have been
【答案】A句意：要不是几天前的邀请, 我现在就不会在这儿了．本题考查错综时间的虚拟条件句；主句中的now说明是与现在事实相反的结果；从句中the other day（几天前）说明从句是与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句中, 从句中用过去完成时
12.【2016天津】I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I ____.
A. were injured B. would be injured C. had been injured D. would have been injured
【答案】D句意：我当时系着安全带。如果我没有系安全带, 我就会受伤了。根据if条件句用的had done, 可知, 主句用would have done表示对过去情况的虚拟, 而且I和injure是被动关系。故选D。
13.【2016浙江】Had the governments and scientists not worked together , AIDS-related deaths _______ since their highest in 2005.
A. had not fallen B. would not fall C. did not fall D. would not have fallen
【答案】D句意：如果政府和科学家不共同努力, 与艾滋病相关的死亡人数就不会从2005年的最高点下降。使用虚拟语气, if条件句用的had done, 而且省略if, 将had提前, 主句用would have done表示对过去情况的虚拟。故选D。
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