新目标英语七年级上unit1-6知识点
七年级上英语知识
预备篇Unit1-3
一、英文字母
英语中一共有26个英文字母,其中有5个元音字母:Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu, 其余的都是辅音字母。
二、字母分类:
1、含共同音素/ei/的字母有:A,H,J,K
2、含共同音素/i:/的字母有:B, C, D, E, G, P, T, V, (Z)
3、含共同音素/e/的字母有:F,L,M,N,S,X,Z
4、含共同音素/ju:/的字母有:Q,U,W
5、含共同音素/ai/的字母有:I,Y
6、含共同音素/?u/的字母有:O
7、含共同音素/ɑ:/的字母有:R
三、字母写法:
大写字母A,E,F,H,I都是三笔完成。
四、以元音开头的字母有:Aa, Ee, Ff, Hh, Ii, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Rr, Ss, Xx. (注意:U是以辅音开头的字母)
五、句子的写法:
每句句首的第一个字母必须大写,句子中单词的间隔距离最佳为小写字母a的宽度,句与句之间间隔两个字母的距离。
如:What’s your name? My name is Jenny.
六、英语字母需要大写的几种情况:
1、在一句话中,第一个单词首字母要大写,但是,逗号后面的单词开头字母不大写。如:What’s your first name, please?
七、重点句型
1、当别人说:Good morning/afternoon/evening 时,你也应该回答:Good morning/afternoon/evening
2、How are you? 是问你怎么样,还好吗?(是熟人,朋友间的问候),回答通常用I’m fine/ I’m OK;如果是第一次见面,我们通常用How do you do?回答也只能用How do you do?
3、What’s this in English?是问:在英语中,这是什么事物?回答用:It’s a +以辅音开头的名词短语;或用It’s an +以元音开头的名词短语。
4、What color is this +事物?是问:这个事物是什么颜?回答用:It’s + 颜
正式篇
Unit 1 My name’s Gina.
.
一、知识点:
1、am, is, are统称为be动词。不同人物要用不同的be动词。第一人称单数I用am,第二人称单数you用are,第三人称单数he, she, it,具体某人如Tom以及指示代词this, that等用is,所有复数人称用are。可按下面口诀记忆:
我(I)用am,你(you)用are,单数is,复数are;is用于他、她、它。
2、同义句:
(1) My name is Jenny.= I’m Jenny.
(2) Your name is Jim.= You are Jim.
(3) His name is Alan.= He is Alan.
(4) Her name is Marry.= She is Marry.
3、what 疑问词,问“什么东西,什么事,干什么,吃什么,电话号码是多少”等等。
e.g. (1) My name is Li Lei. What is your name?
(2) This is a black pen. What is this?
(3) Her telephone number is 70706655. What is her telephone number?
注意:对划线部分提问的常用结构为:
“疑问词+原句的一般疑问句形式?”
4、what color 疑问词,问“什么颜”。
e.g. This pen is red. What color is this pen?
5、Nice to meet you! 回答Nice to meet you, too! (常用于初次见面时)
Nice to see you! 回答Nice to see you, too! (常用于多次见面时)
6、注意英文名与中文名的区别:英文名是:名在前,姓在后;中文名是:姓在前,名在后。e.g. Jim Green Huang Shaohua
family name = last name 姓first name = given name 名
Unit 2 Is this your pencil?
一、重点句型:
A: Excuse me, what’s this in English?
B: It’s an eraser.
A: How do you spell it?
B: E-R-A-S-E-R.
A: Is this your eraser?
B: No, it isn’t. It’s her eraser.
二、知识点:
1、Is this your eraser? 这是一个一般疑问句,一般疑问句就是用yes和no来回答的句子。将含有be(is, am, are)动词的肯定句变成一般疑问句时,直接把be(is, am, are)动词提到句首,
并大写第一个字母。不过要注意,I am ….. 通常要变成Are you….?
e.g.(1) That is his pencil. Is that his pencil?
(作肯定回答)Yes, it is. (作否定回答)No, it isn’t.
(2) These are her parents. Are these her parents?
(作肯定回答)Yes,they are. (作否定回答)No, they aren’t.
(3) I am a good boy. Are you a good boy?
(作肯定回答)Yes, I am. (作否定回答)No, I’m not.
2、What’s this in English? 这是一个特殊疑问句,回答用It’s a / an…特殊疑问句就是以疑问
词开头的句子。通常把肯定句变成一般疑问句的结构为:
“疑问词+肯定句的一般疑问句形式?”即是经常考的“对划线部分提问题”。
e.g. His English book is green. What color is his English book?
s开头的英文名3、How do you spell it /”book”? 你怎样拼写它/ “书”这个单词?回答时直接拼写这个单词。how疑问词,问“怎样,身体状况怎样,干得、吃得、过得怎样等等”。
e.g.(1) His mother is fine / well. How is his mother?
(2) Runners eat well. How does runners?
5、Excuse me 请原谅,打扰了(这是一句客套话,用于与陌生人答话、打断别人说话等场合。)
6、本单元所学的短语:
(1) call Alan at 4953539 用4953539给安娜打电话
call + 某人+ at + 电话号码:用……电话号码给某人打电话
call = telephone = phone (动词)打电话
(2) in the lost and found case 在失物招领箱里
(3) a school ID card 一张学生证
(4) call / telephone / phone + 某人:给某人打电话
(5) a set of keys一串钥匙two sets of keys 两串钥匙
Unit 3 This is my sister
一、重点句型:
1、A: This is Mary.
B: Is she your sister?
A: No, she isn’t. She is my friend.
B: Are these your parents?
A: Yes, they are.
2、This is my friend. 复数句These are my friends.
3、That is my brother. 复数句Those are my brothers.
4、句型回答:
(1) Is this your sister / Mary? Yes, it / she is. No, it / she isn’t.
(2) Is that your brother / Jim? Yes, it / he is. No, it / he isn’t.
(3) Is he / Jim your brother? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.
(4) Is she / Alan your friend? Yes, she is. No, she isn’t.
(5) Are they / these your parents? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
(6) Are they / those your friends? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
二、知识点:
1、 介绍他人常用的句型:
(1) This is ---.(介绍一个人)
These are ---.(介绍几个人) (2) That is ---.(介绍一个人) Those are ---.(介绍几个人) 2、parent = father or mother parents = father and mother grandparent = grandfather or grandmother grandparents = grandfather and grandmother
father = dad = daddy mother = mom = mommy uncle = father’s or mother’s brother aunt = father’s or mother’s sister
cousin = uncle’s or aunt’s daughter / son 3、本单元所学的短语:
(1)thanks for + 某事 = thank you for + 某事:因为某事而感谢你
(2)a photo of your / my family = your / my family photo 你的 / 我的一张全家福 (3)two photos of your family 你的两张全家福 (4)my two brothers 我的两个兄弟 使用注意:
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