必修三 Unit 4
Astronomy: the science of the stars备课
编写人：史磊 方雪莲
【目标体验】
重点单词 | 1. astronomy n. 天文学 astronaut n.宇航员 astronomer n.天文学家 2. system n. 系统；体系；制度 3. religion n. 宗教；宗教信仰 religious adj.宗教的；虔诚的 4. theory n. 学说；理论 theoretical adj. 理论的；理论上的 violent adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的 violently adv.强烈地；猛烈地；激烈地 violence n.暴力；暴力行为 5. atmosphere n. 大气层；气氛 6. unlike prep. 不同；不像 7. fundamental adj. 基本的；基础的 8. harmful adj. 有害的 harm n.伤害；损害；危害 harm vt. 伤害；损害；危害 harmless adj.无害的 9. exist vi. 存在；生存existence n.存在；生存, 生活(方式) 10.puzzle n. 谜；难题 puzzle vt. & vi. （使）迷惑；（使）为难 11.biology n. 生物学biologist n. 生物学家 12. gravity n. 万有引力；重力 13. satellite n. 卫星；人造卫星 14. gentle adj. 温和的；文雅的 15. physicist n. 物理学家 physics n.物理学 physical adj.物理的；物理学的 16. climate n. 气候 17. crash vi. & vt. 碰撞；坠落 18. spaceship n. 宇宙飞船 19. pull n. 拉力；牵引力pull vt.拉；拖；牵引 20. float vi. & vt. （使）浮动；（使）漂浮 float n. 漂浮物 21. mass n. 质量；团；块；大量 〈复〉众 |
重点短语 | 1. solar system 太阳系 2. in time 及时；终于 3. lay eggs 下蛋 5. in one’s turn 轮到某人；接着 6. carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 7. prevent……from阻止；制止 8. block out 挡住（光线） 9. cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋 10. now that 既然 11. break out 突发；爆发 12. watch out 密切注视；当心；提防 |
重点句式 | 1. They were in time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, which were to make the earth’s atmosphere.他们最终产生了碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。 2.This produced a chain reaction which made it possible for life to develop.这就产生了一系列的反应，使得生命就有可能开始发展了。 3.But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.但是当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。 4. We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earth’s gravity increased.我们惊奇地看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。 |
单元语法 | 主语从句(Noun clauses as the subject) |
功能项目 | 指示( Instructions) 史磊Please pay attention to… Watch out for… Please check that… You need… Please look at… You’d better… |
【重点突破】
1. They were in time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapor and other gases, which were to make the earth’s atmosphere.他们最终产生了碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。
（1）in time及时；迟早，总有一天
He is believed to arrive in time.
相信他会按时到达。
If you keep on, you will succeed in time.
如果坚持下去，你总有一天会成功的。
[用法拓展]
ahead of time 提前 at the same time 但是，然而 in no time 立即，马上 at one time 同时，曾经，从前曾 at no time 从不，决不 all the time 一直; 始终; 老是 at a time 一次; 同时; 一下子; 每次 at all times 不论什么时候, 老是 (at) any time 随时; 无论何时 at times 有时, 偶尔, 不时 for the time being 暂时, 暂且 from time to time 时常; 有时 have a good time 尽情愉快地玩; 玩得愉快 kill time 消磨时间; 浪费时间 take one’s time不着急，慢慢来 on time准时，按时 |
At the same time you must have sympathy.
但是你必须有同情心。
You can' t be positive all the time.
你不能总是那样积极乐观。
He could undertake the work for the time being.
他暂时能承担这项工作。
Take your time packing, for we still have one and a half hour.
慢慢整理行李, 我们还有一个半小时。
（2）be to do sth.表示“注定会，不可避免将要发生；按计划” All these things are to be answered for.
所有这一切都会得到报应的。
We must go if we are to take the nine o’clock train.
如果我们一定要乘坐9：00的火车，我们必须走了。
We were sure that he was to become a very important person.
我们确信他注定会成为一个很重要的人物。
[即景活用]
In a room above the store, where a party ____ , some workers were busily setting the table.
A. was to be held B. has been held
C. will be held D. is being held
—Mum, why didn’t you wake me up? I will be late for Janice’s wedding.
— _______, and you will make it.
A. Don’t be afraid B. Take it easy
C. Take you time D. Hurry up
I was driving my car when ___________________ I heard a loud bang-I had driven over some glass!
A. once in a while B. all at once
C. the soonest D. in no time
The two experts worked at the task of writing a preface to the new dictionary for three hours .
A. at length B. in full
C. on end D. in time
[自我校对] A D BC
2.This produced a chain reaction which made it possible for life to develop.这就产生了一系列的反应，使得生命就有可能开始发展了。
He made it his business to find out who was responsible.
他非要弄清楚是谁的责任不可。
[用法拓展]
常用于此结构的动词还有think, feel, find, consider, take等。 |
He found it impossible to leave Germany for the USA.
他发现不可能离开德国去美国了。
I feel it my duty to help you.我觉得我有责任帮助你。
I think it interesting to study English.
我认为学英语很有意思。
I remember I made it quite clear to you that I was not coming.
我记得我向你清楚表示过我不来。
We all think it a pity that she didn’t show up at the meeting.
我们都觉得很遗憾，她没来开会。
[即景活用]
I think _______ wrong to take _____ for granted that _____ is easy to learn English well.
A. that; that; that B. it; it; that
C. it; anything; it D. it; it; it
I felt ____ that she should change her mind at her last minute.
A. it is strange B. it strange
C. that was a strange thing D. very strange
[自我校对] D B
3.They laid eggs and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.他们也生蛋，在地球上生存了一亿四千多万年。
(1) lay vt.放置；压倒；使躺下；放倒
vt. & vi.生蛋, 产卵
He laid his coat over a chair.
他把外衣放在椅子上。
The trees were laid flat by heavy wind.
树木被风刮倒了。
The hens don't lay eggs during this cold weather.
这样冷的天气母鸡不会下蛋。
[易混辨析]
动词原形 | 第三人称单数 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 现在分词 | 中文释义 |
lie | lies | lied | lied | lying | 撒谎；谎话 |
lie | lies | lay | lain | lying | 躺；位于 |
lay | lays | laid | laid | laying | 放置；下蛋 |
Obviously he was lying.
显然他是在撒谎。
There lies a small town at the foot of the mountain.
山脚下有一个小镇。
Such people do not exist.
这样的人是不存在的。
Man cannot exist without oxygen.
人没有氧气就不能生存。
[用法拓展]
existence n.存在，是一个不可数名词 come into existence出现；产生 There be 句型中的be动词可以换用exist, live, stand等。 |
There exists nothing without water or air.
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