可同时接不定式和动名词动词
可同时接不定式和动名词的动词
1. 某些动词后面可接不定式或动名词为宾语,其基本意义不变。
1) She started telling us what she had suffered.
= She started to tell us what she had suffered.
她开始讲述她所遭受的一切。
这类动词常用者有:
abhor (讨厌) attempt(企图) cannot bear(无法忍受) plan(计划) scorn(轻视) cannot stand(= cannot bear) intend(意图) like(喜欢) decline(拒绝) disdain(轻视) dread(害怕) begin(开始) cease(停止) hate(憎恨) start(开始) love(喜欢) neglect(忽略) endure(忍受) hesitate(犹豫) commence(开始) continue(继续)
2. 以上列出的动词意义上虽无大的不同,但其中有些动词在使用上有一点小的差异。
like + V-ing →enjoy V-ing
like + to VR →choose toVR; be in the habit of V-ing; think it right to VR
would like + to VR → wish to VR; want to VR
2) I like walking in the rain.
我喜欢在雨中散步。
3) I heard youtalking and I didn't like to disturb you, so I went away.
我听见你在说话,为了不打扰你就走开了。
4) What would you like to do tomorrow?
明天你想做什么?
Love, hate, prefer 在一般情形下,接动名词或不定式没有太多差别,但在说明某特定事件时,则用不定式,且大都与would/should 连用 (但hate除外)
5)I lovelying/to lie on the grass andstaring /to stare at the sky.(平常事件)
我喜欢躺在草地上,凝视天空。
6) I'd love to come and see you some time.(特定事件)
某个时间我想来看你,
7) Some people hate working/to work in the early morning.(平常事件)
有些人不喜欢一大早就工作。
8) I hateto mention, but you owe me some money.(特定事件)
我实在不想提起,不过你欠我一些钱。
Propose, attempt, intend, continue, can't bear 后接动名词或不定式在意义上可以说毫无区别,但propose, attempt, intend, plan 则习惯用不定式。
9)I can't bear getting/to get my hands dirty.
我不能忍受把手。
10) He intends to double the advertising budget.
他想把广告的预算加倍。
Begin, start 意义上也不因动名词或不定式造成差异,但V-ing更常表示较持久性的行为、习惯的开始。
11)How old were you when you first startedplaying the violin?
你是多大开始学小提琴的?
12)I began to get angry.
我开始生气了。
13) I began getting angry. (×)
但如果begin, start 用在进行时时,则接不定式。
14) He's beginningto learn English.
他开始学英语。
而begin后如果接know, feel, love, understand, realize 等表示'认知' 的动词时,则只用不定式。
15) She began to understand what he really wanted.
forget她开始了解她真正需要什么。
3. 有些动词也可接动名词或不定式,但其使用场合互异,意义也有区别,这些动词有三类;
A. remember, forget, regret (与时间的先后有关)
B. try
C. stop, go on
remember, forget, regret + V-ing: 表示V-ing的行为、动作在remember, forget, regret 之前已
发生。
remember, forget, regret + to VR:表示to VR 的行为、动作在remember, forget, regret之后才能发生。
16)I remember reading about the earthquake in the papers.
我记得在报纸上看到过有关地震的消息。
16) Remember to go to the post office, won't you?
记着去邮局好不好?
18) I often forgetto sign my name.
我经常忘了签名。
19) I will never forget seeing/having seen John at the party.
我绝对不会忘记在宴会上看到约翰。
20) I regretspending so much money.
我真后悔花了那么多钱。
21) I regretto say that you have failed your exam.
很抱歉,你考试不及格。
由于上述动词接动名词时表示该动名词发生时间较早,而不定式表示较晚发生的行为,所以下句不成立。
22)I'm sorry, but I forgot to have written the papers. (×)
23) I'm sorry, but I forgot to write the papers. (√)
Try +V-ing → make an experiment, do something to see what will happen
Try + VR → make an effort, attempt to do something difficult
24) She tried putting some soybean sauce into the soup to see if it would taste better.
她试着在汤里放些酱油,看汤是否会好喝一点儿。
25) The girl tried to put the big toy into that small bag, but she could not make it.
这个小女孩想要把这个大玩具放进那个小袋子里, 但她失败了。
26) Try talking to your friends—that might make you feel better
试着跟朋友谈谈心,也许你会觉得好一些。
27) I once triedto learn Japanese.
我曾试图学日语。
Stop 后面接不定式时,不定式不作宾语,而是副词,表示stop的目的:
28) The traveler stopped to ask for directions.
游客停下来(目的是)问路。
29)The traveler stopped walking to ask the way.
游客停下脚步来问路。
Go on 后面接V-ing 表示继续正在进行的工作;接不定式时,表示把原工作或事改变成另一项工作或事。
30)How long do you intend to go on playing those bloody records?
你那些难听的唱片到底要放多久?
31) He welcomed the new students and then went on to explain the college regulations.
他欢迎新同学的来临,然后继续说明校规。